Pregnancy and hemodialysis access: A case for patient satisfaction in favor of a tunneled dialysis catheter

Abstract

While an arteriovenous fistula is the best available access, many patients continue to rely on a tunneled hemodialysis catheter for dialysis therapy. Despite the highest risk of catheter-related bacteremia and associated morbidity and mortality, patients often prefer tunneled hemodialysis catheter to avoid pain associated with cannulation of an arteriovenous access. We report three tunneled hemodialysis catheter-dependent end-stage renal disease patients (age: 38, 35, 33 years), who became pregnant. Pregnancy was discovered at 10, 12 and 10 weeks of gestation. All three patients were switched to daily hemodialysis (six sessions/week) as soon as the pregnancy was discovered. The three patients had refused the placement of an arteriovenous access and expressed their strong preference for tunneled hemodialysis catheter. All had been educated about the risks and benefits of catheter, grafts, and fistulas. Patient preference was acknowledged and dialysis therapy was continued with tunneled hemodialysis catheter. Pregnancy was uneventful in two patients with the delivery of a healthy baby. The third patient had a miscarriage. Patient preference for tunneled hemodialysis catheter and satisfaction is important and can result in a successful outcome in pregnant patients. Nonetheless, in keeping with the National Kidney Foundation guidelines as well as the Fistula First, an arteriovenous fistula should be offered to hemodialysis patients. At the same time, patient's preference and wish should be respected and followed.

Keywords: Hemodialysis; end-stage kidney disease; pregnancy; vascular access.