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. 2018 Dec;22(9):3121-3127.
doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2393-2. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Relationship among perceived stress, xerostomia, and salivary flow rate in patients visiting a saliva clinic

Marjolein S Bulthuis  1 , Derk H Jan Jager  2   3   4 , Henk S Brand  5
Affiliations

Relationship among perceived stress, xerostomia, and salivary flow rate in patients visiting a saliva clinic

Marjolein S Bulthuis et al. Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: This aimed to assess the potential role of chronic stress in saliva secretion, xerostomia, and oral health in a population attending a saliva clinic.

Materials and methods: Data of 114 patients who met the inclusion criteria and completed all questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Participants completed several validated questionnaires, including the Perceived Stress Scale, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Xerostomia Inventory (XI), and Bother xerostomia Index (BI). Subsequently, the unstimulated, chewing-stimulated, and citric acid-stimulated saliva secretion rates were determined gravimetrically. Data were evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results: A significant correlation was observed between perceived stress and XI score (r = 0.312, p = 0.001), as well as between perceived stress and BI score (r = 0.334, p = 0.001). Stress levels also were significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores (r = 0.420, p < 0.001), but an association between experienced stress and salivary flow rate could not be established.

Conclusion: In this population, perceived chronic stress seems to be related to several aspects of dry mouth, including the perception of dry mouth, suffering from dry mouth, and the impact on quality of life. These effects were independent of the use of psychotropic medication. No actual reduction in salivary flow was found. Further studies to explore the causal linkage of stress with xerostomia seem warranted.

Clinical relevance: Perceived chronic stress seems to be related with several aspects of dry mouth. This finding might be relevant in future prevention and treatment of xerostomia.

Keywords: OHIP; Perceived stress; Saliva; Xerostomia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki on medical protocol and ethics and was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Medical Ethical Committee of the VU University Medical Center. According to the Ethics Review Committee of the VU University Amsterdam, the present study does not fall under the scope of the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Correlations between Perceived Stress Scale and a XI score, b BI score, and c OHIP-14 score
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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