Transoral robotic excision of laryngeal papillomas with Flex® Robotic System - A novel surgical approach

Abstract

Introduction: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis results in hoarseness, stridor and airway obstruction. Management is surgical, with most surgeons using microdebrider or laser. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) has been successfully utilised for the excision of oropharyngeal malignancies and paediatric airway surgery. This is the first case report of TORS being used for the excision of laryngeal papillomas.

Case report: A 36 year old Chinese female was diagnosed with juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. She had 4 previous laryngeal surgeries. She was pregnant in her 2nd trimester and experienced rapid progression of her disease, leading to impending airway compromise. At her latest surgery (2 years ago), poor laryngeal exposure was encountered during laryngoscopy which made the surgery technically challenging. Thus, a flexible robotic system (Flex® Robotic System, Medrobotics Corporation, Raynham, Massachusetts, USA) was utilised with the aim of providing better surgical exposure. During surgery, laryngeal intubation was not possible and her airway was secured with needle cricothyroidotomy followed by tracheotomy. Transoral robotic excision of laryngeal papillomas was performed successfully. Complete excision of obstructing papillomas was achieved with postoperative restoration of airway and voice.

Discussion: Utilisation of TORS improved visualisation, dexterity and access. Drawbacks include cost, set up time, requirement for special equipment and advanced training. TORS approach can be considered as an alternative to the usual laryngoscopic technique, especially in cases where difficult anatomy and poor laryngeal exposure is anticipated.

Keywords: Flex robotic system; Laryngeal papillomatosis; Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis; Transoral robotic surgery.