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. 2018 Jul 1;198(1):13-23.
doi: 10.1164/rccm.201801-0062UP.

Update in Pulmonary Vascular Disease 2016 and 2017

Evan L Brittain  1   2   3 , Thennapan Thennapan  4 , Bradley A Maron  5   6 , Stephen Y Chan  7 , Eric D Austin  3   8 , Edda Spiekerkoetter  9   10 , Harm J Bogaard  11 , Christophe Guignabert  12   13 , Roxane Paulin  14 , Roberto F Machado  15 , Paul B Yu  5
Affiliations

Update in Pulmonary Vascular Disease 2016 and 2017

Evan L Brittain et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Novel molecular and cellular insights into pulmonary arterial hypertension signaling reveals convergence of sex hormone, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory signaling on common effectors of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein)/TGF-β (transforming growth factor) and PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) axes and other signaling axes. The yellow numbers indicate references. Illustration by Jacqueline Schaffer. 16α-OHE1 = 16α hydroxyestrone 1; ADAM = a disintegrin and metalloprotease; ALK = activin-like kinase; BMPR2 = BMP receptor type 2; DHEA = dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA-S = dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; ERα = estrogen receptor α; Fc = fragment crystallizable region; FK506 = tacrolimus; FKBP12 = FK506 binding protein; miR = microRNA; PAEC = pulmonary artery endothelial cell; PASMC = pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell; p-SMAD = phosphorylated SMAD; SMAD = fusion of Caenorhabditis elegans Sma genes and the Drosophila Mad, Mothers against decapentaplegic; SMURF1 = E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1; TAZ = transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif; TGF-β1 = transforming growth factor β-1; TGF-β1R = TGF-β1 receptor; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor α; VEGFR3 = vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3; YAP = Yes-8 associated protein.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Ventetuolo CE, Baird GL, Barr RG, Bluemke DA, Fritz JS, Hill NS, et al. Higher estradiol and lower dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate levels are associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in men. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;193:1168–1175. - PMC - PubMed
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    1. Chen X, Austin ED, Talati M, Fessel JP, Farber-Eger EH, Brittain EL, et al. Oestrogen inhibition reverses pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated metabolic defects. Eur Respir J. 2017;50:1602337. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Dean A, Gregorc T, Docherty CK, Harvey KY, Nilsen M, Morrell NW, et al. Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Sugen 5416–induced experimental pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2018;58:320–330. - PMC - PubMed

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