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Review
. 2018 Feb 6:2018:5378284.
doi: 10.1155/2018/5378284. eCollection 2018.

The Many Facets of Sphingolipids in the Specific Phases of Acute Inflammatory Response

Sabine Grösch  1 , Alice V Alessenko  2 , Elisabetta Albi  3
Affiliations
Review

The Many Facets of Sphingolipids in the Specific Phases of Acute Inflammatory Response

Sabine Grösch et al. Mediators Inflamm. .

Abstract

This review provides an overview on components of the sphingolipid superfamily, on their localization and metabolism. Information about the sphingolipid biological activity in cell physiopathology is given. Recent studies highlight the role of sphingolipids in inflammatory process. We summarize the emerging data that support the different roles of the sphingolipid members in specific phases of inflammation: (1) migration of immune cells, (2) recognition of exogenous agents, and (3) activation/differentiation of immune cells.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sphingolipid pathways. The de novo synthesis occurs in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Other biochemical pathways occur in the plasma, lysosome, and nucleus membranes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Activation, migration, and invasion of immune cells from the blood are influenced by several sphingolipids. (a) Initial adhesion step mediated by activation of immune cells by cytokines or chemokines and subsequent activation of integrins. (b) Activated integrins translocate into lipid rafts and bind to endothlial receptors like ICAM1. GluCer-enriched membranes are important for interaction with E-selectin. (c) Migration of immune cells is dependent on n-SMase and C1P.
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