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Bacterial Infections in Neonates, Madagascar, 2012-2014

Bich-Tram Huynh et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Apr.

Abstract

Severe bacterial infections are a leading cause of death among neonates in low-income countries, which harbor several factors leading to emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Low-income countries should prioritize interventions to decrease neonatal infections; however, data are scarce, specifically from the community. To assess incidence, etiologies, and antimicrobial drug-resistance patterns of neonatal infections, during 2012-2014, we conducted a community-based prospective investigation of 981 newborns in rural and urban areas of Madagascar. The incidence of culture-confirmed severe neonatal infections was high: 17.7 cases/1,000 live births. Most (75%) occurred during the first week of life. The most common (81%) bacteria isolated were gram-negative. The incidence rate for multidrug-resistant neonatal infection was 7.7 cases/1,000 live births. In Madagascar, interventions to improve prevention, early diagnosis, and management of bacterial infections in neonates should be prioritized.

Keywords: Madagascar; antimicrobial resistance; bacteria; bacterial infection; developing countries; drug resistance; infant; low-income countries; neonate; newborn.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Locations of Antananarivo and Moramanga in Madagascar.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flowchart for study of bacterial infections in neonates, Antananarivo and Moramanga, Madagascar, 2012–2014.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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