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. 2018 Aug;23(4):783-789.
doi: 10.1007/s10147-018-1268-5. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Characteristics and outcomes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases

Xiangrui Meng  1   2 , Jingwei Yu  1   2 , Qian Fan  1   2 , Lanfang Li  1   2 , Wei Li  1   2 , Zheng Song  1   2 , Xianming Liu  1   2 , Yanyang Jiang  3 , Ming Gao  4   5 , Huilai Zhang  6   7
Affiliations

Characteristics and outcomes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases

Xiangrui Meng et al. Int J Clin Oncol. 2018 Aug.

Abstract

Background: Leptomeningeal metastasis is an uncommon but devastating complication. The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been increasing in recent decades, due to the poor central nervous system penetration of drugs and the prolonged overall survival of patients, leptomeningeal metastases has gradually increased over time. Patients with leptomeningeal metastases have short survival durations and poor quality of life; there are few studies about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with leptomeningeal metastases. We investigated characteristics and outcomes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases.

Methods: This study included 27 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases diagnosed at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between 2013 and 2016. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the overall survival of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with leptomeningeal metastases.

Results: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma was the most common cancer subtype (21/27, 78%), and more than half of the patients showed extranodal involvement (18/27, 67%). Survival analysis has shown extranodal involvement (P = 0.0205), International Prognostic Index (P = 0.0112), performance status (P < 0.0001), parenchymal involvement (P = 0.0330) and received radiotherapy (P = 0.0056) were predictive factors of prognosis for these patients with leptomeningeal metastases. Cox regression analysis has shown patients with concurrent parenchymal involvement and received radiotherapy are correlated with good prognosis.

Conclusions: Given the small number of patients who were included, this study exhibited limitations with respect to analytical power and the random selection of patients. Nevertheless, this investigation revealed characteristics of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with leptomeningeal metastases and suggested that such patients could benefit from multimodal therapy.

Keywords: Characteristics; Leptomeningeal metastases; Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a OS of NHL patients with LM by different age group. b OS of NHL patients with LM with or without extranodal involvement. c OS of NHL patients with LM according to IPI scores. d OS of NHL patients with LM by KPS scores
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a OS of NHL patients with LM with or without parenchymal involvement. b OS of NHL patients with LM complicated with parenchymal involvement received or not received radiotherapy
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a OS of NHL patients with LM by gender. b OS of NHL patients with LM by different stage
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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