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Review
. 2018 Mar 22;19(4):949.
doi: 10.3390/ijms19040949.

Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and Their Signal Cascade for Cellular and Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis

Shreekrishna Lamichane  1   2 , Babita Dahal Lamichane  3   4 , Sang-Mo Kwon  5   6   7
Affiliations
Review

Pivotal Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and Their Signal Cascade for Cellular and Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis

Shreekrishna Lamichane et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, are important in whole-body energy metabolism. PPARs are classified into three isoforms, namely, PPARα, β/δ, and γ. They are collectively involved in fatty acid oxidation, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism throughout the body. Importantly, the three isoforms of PPARs have complementary and distinct metabolic activities for energy balance at a cellular and whole-body level. PPARs also act with other co-regulators to maintain energy homeostasis. When endogenous ligands bind with these receptors, they regulate the transcription of genes involved in energy homeostasis. However, the exact molecular mechanism of PPARs in energy metabolism remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the importance of PPAR signals in multiple organs and focus on the pivotal roles of PPAR signals in cellular and whole-body energy homeostasis.

Keywords: PPARs; energy homeostasis; fatty acid oxidation; glucose-lipid metabolism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure A1
Figure A1
A schematic overview of role of PPARs in energy metabolism in various body organs.
Figure A2
Figure A2
Co-regulators of PPARs in carcinogenic process.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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