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. 2018 Jan-Mar;10(1):44-48.
doi: 10.4103/pr.pr_36_17.

In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Isolated Compounds and Various Extracts of Peel of Punica granatum L

Janani Jacob  1   2 , P Lakshmanapermalsamy  1   3 , Ramanaiah Illuri  2 , Damaji Bhosle  2 , Gopala Krishna Sangli  2 , Deepak Mundkinajeddu  2
Affiliations

In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Isolated Compounds and Various Extracts of Peel of Punica granatum L

Janani Jacob et al. Pharmacognosy Res. 2018 Jan-Mar.

Abstract

Background: Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) peel has been proven to exhibit widespread pharmacological application against multitude of diseases due to the presence of bioactive principles.

Objective: The objective is to isolate the bioactive compounds from the pericarp of P. granatum and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of various extracts.

Materials and methods: Dried peel of P. granatum was extracted with aqueous acetone and chromatographed on Diaion HP-20. Enriched fractions were rechromatographed on Sephadex LH-20 and purified on preparative high-performance liquid chromatography to identify individual compounds. The dried peel was extracted with different solvents to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts.

Results: On the chemical investigation, three compounds were isolated and characterized as punicalagin, 2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose, and punicalin, using various spectroscopic techniques.

Conclusion: Results indicate that the isolated compounds have possessed antioxidant activity, and aqueous, methanol, and aqueous acetone extract showed significant scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals.

Summary: In vitro antioxidant activity of Punica granatum extracts was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assayDried peel of P. granatum was extracted with different solvents to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extractsAqueous acetone extract was found to be most active and chromatographed further to afford punicalagin, 2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose, and punicalinThe presence of antioxidant properties of three compounds in the peel of P. granatum has been demonstrated. Abbreviations Used: HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; HHDP: Hexahydroxydiphenoyl; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); UV: Ultraviolet; PDA: Photodiode array; LC: Liquid chromatography; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; MHz: Megahertz; w/v: Weight by volume; MS: Mass spectra.

Keywords: 2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose; Punica granatum; antioxidant; nuclear magnetic resonance.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scheme of isolation process
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structure of the isolated compounds - punicalagin (1), 2,3-(s)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose (2), punicalin (3)
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Overlay of high-performance liquid chromatography chromatograms of various extracts of peel of Punica granatum, (b) Overlay of high-performance liquid chromatography chromatograms of isolated compounds from the peel of Punica granatum
Figure 4
Figure 4
In vitro antioxidant activity of (a) various extracts of peel of Punica granatum by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, (b) various extracts of peel of Punica granatum by 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay, (c) isolated compounds of peel of Punica granatum by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, and (d) isolated compounds of peel of Punica granatum by 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay
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