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. 2018 Jan 14:2018:9819360.
doi: 10.1155/2018/9819360. eCollection 2018.

Cardioprotective and Metabolomic Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants against Oxidative Stress

Nadia Afsheen  1 , Khalil-Ur-Rehman  1 , Nazish Jahan  2 , Misbah Ijaz  3 , Asad Manzoor  3 , Khalid Mahmood Khan  1 , Saman Hina  1
Affiliations

Cardioprotective and Metabolomic Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants against Oxidative Stress

Nadia Afsheen et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. .

Abstract

In this research work, the antioxidant and metabolomic profiling of seven selected medicinally important herbs including Rauvolfia serpentina, Terminalia arjuna, Coriandrum sativum, Elettaria cardamom, Piper nigrum, Allium sativum, and Crataegus oxyacantha was performed. The in vivo cardioprotective potential of these medicinal plants was evaluated against surgically induced oxidative stress through left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LADCA) in dogs. The antioxidant profiling of these plants was done through DPPH and DNA protection assay. The C. oxyacantha and T. arjuna showed maximum antioxidant potential, while the E. cardamom showed poor antioxidative strength even at its high concentration. Different concentrations of extracts of the said plants exhibited the protection of plasmid DNA against H2O2 damage as compared to the plasmid DNA merely treated with H2O2. The metabolomic profiling through LC-MS analysis of these antioxidants revealed the presence of active secondary metabolites responsible for their antioxidant potential. During in vivo analysis, blood samples of all treatment groups were drawn at different time intervals to analyze the cardiac and hemodynamic parameters. The results depicted that the group pretreated with HC4 significantly sustained the level of CK-MB, SGOT, and LDH as well as hemodynamic parameters near to normal. The histopathological examination also confirmed the cardioprotective potential of HC4. Thus, the HC4 being safe and inexpensive cardioprotective herbal combination could be considered as an alternate of synthetic drugs.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical presentation of antioxidant potential of selected medicinal plants through DPPH radical scavenging activity.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Agarose gel electrophoresis pattern of pBR322 plasmid DNA treated with 30 mM H2O2 in the presence and absence of different plants extract. [lane 1: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P1 (100 μg/mL), lane 2: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P1 (500 μ/mL), lane 3: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P1 (1000 μg/mL), lane 4: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P2 (100 μg/mL), lane 5: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P2 (500 μg/mL), lane 6: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P2 (1000 μg/mL), lane 7: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P3 (100 μg/mL), lane 8: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P3 (500 μg/mL), lane 9: pBR322 DNA+ 30 mM H2O2 + P3 (1000 μg/mL), lane 10: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P4 (100 μg/mL), lane 11: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P4 (500 μg/mL), lane 12: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P4 (1000 μg/mL)].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Lane13: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P5 (100 μg/mL), lane 14: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P5 (500 μg/mL), lane 15: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P5 (1000 μg/mL), lane 16: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P6 (100 μg/mL), lane 17: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P6 (500 μg/mL), lane 18: pBR322 DNA +30 mM H2O2 + P6 (1000 μg/mL), lane 19: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P7 (100 μg/mL), lane 20: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P7 (500 μg/mL), lane 21: pBR322 DNA + 30 mM H2O2 + P7 (1000 μg/mL). P1 = T. arjuna; P2 = C. oxyacantha; P3 = P. nigrum; P4 = R. serpentina; P5 = A. sativum; P6 = C. sativum; P7 = E. cardamom.
Figure 4
Figure 4
LC-MS analysis of T. arjuna.
Figure 5
Figure 5
LC-MS analysis of C. oxyacantha.
Figure 6
Figure 6
LC-MS analysis of R. serpentina.
Figure 7
Figure 7
LC-MS analysis of A. sativum.
Figure 8
Figure 8
LC-MS analysis of C. sativum.
Figure 9
Figure 9
LC-MS analysis of E. cardamom.
Figure 10
Figure 10
LC-MS analysis of P. nigrum.
Figure 11
Figure 11
(a–c) Effect of herbal combinations of plant extracts on cardiac markers in the serum of all experimental groups. ∗∗ indicates significance (p < 0.0001) compared to the normal control, # indicates significance (p < 0.001) compared to the positive control, and ## indicates significance (p < 0.0001) compared to the positive control (ANOVA, Turkey's multiple comparison test). Values are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3).
Figure 12
Figure 12
Hemodynamic parameters of various groups treated with different herbal combinations.
Figure 13
Figure 13
(a–f) The histopathological representation of cardiac tissue of all treatment groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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