Exploring the potential of black tea based flavonoids against hyperlipidemia related disorders

Abstract

Background: In recent decade, Hyperlipidemia related disorders like obesity, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes are considered as the leading killers for mankind. Fundamental nexus between nutrition and health diverting the consumers focus towards plant based natural products as a remedy against various metabolic syndrome. Considering this, present study was conducted to explicate the role of black tea polyphenols such as Theaflavins and thearubigins therapeutic potential to tackle targeted maladies especially oxidative stress related disorders like hypercholesterolemia and diabetes.

Methods: The mandate of current investigation was to explore the hypoglycemic and hypocholestrolemic perspective of isolated theaflavin and thearubigins through a model feeding trial. For the purpose, theaflavin & thearubigins were isolated from black tea through solvent partition method and utilize to form three types of nutraceutical drinks (theaflavin, thearubigins & theaflavin + thearubigins based) alongside control to be further utilized in bioefficacy trial. In bioefficacy trial, three types of independent studies were design on the bases of diet by involving 20 male wistar rats in each study (5 for each group). In study I, normal diet was administrated while, in study II & III high cholesterol and high sucrose diet was given, respectively along with prepared nutraceutical drinks to synchronize their therapeutic effect for a period of 56 days. At the termination of trial, Feed & drink intakes, body weight, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, glucose and insulin levels were measured.

Results: The results indicated reduction in cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides levels of experimental rats in all studies with significant increase in HDL. In this context, theaflavin based drink imparted maximum reduction in cholesterol (3.75, 11.03 & 10.39%), LDL (3.84, 14.25& 10.84%) & triglycerides (2.99, 8.54 & 6.65%) in respective studies compared to thearubigins and theaflavin + thearubigins based drinks. However, theaflavin+ thearubigins based drink caused highest glucose decline and maximum insulin increase in all studies as compared to other nutraceutical drinks. The reported value for the insulin increase were 13.02 ± 1.02 & 14.55 ± 1.13, 10.09 ± 0.15 & 11.59 ± 0.86 for Hyperglycemic and Hypocholestrolemic rats respectively compared to control (7.84 ± 0.45 & 9.10 ± 0.41) for study I and II.

Conclusions: In the nutshell, theaflavin and thearubigins based dietary interventions are helpful to alleviate the hypercholestrolemia and hyperglycemia and should be promoted as parallel therapy to combat these disorders.

Keywords: Dietary interventions; Flavonoids; Hyperlipidemia; Thearubigins.

Fig. 1

Absolute values for Extraction yield for isolated theaflavins and thearubigins from Black tea (QI-Men)

Fig. 2

Agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) of different studied attributes (dendogram)

Fig. 3

PCA analysis of the studied attributes showing the % share of two main factors (F1 and F2) in total variability

Fig. 4

Diet plan used in all studies

Fig. 5

Drink plan used in all studies

Fig. 6

Average body weight at the termination of all studies

Fig. 7

Percent reduction in cholesterol in all studies (both trials) by administration of theaflavin, thearubigins and combination of theaflavin & thearubigins based drink in rats

Fig. 8

Percent increase in HDL in all studies (both trials) by administration of theaflavin, thearubigins and combination of theaflavin & thearubigins based drink in rats

Fig. 9

Percent decrease in LDL in all studies (both trials) caused by theaflavin, thearubigins and combination of theaflavin & thearubigins based drink in rats

Fig. 10

Percent diminish in triglycrides levels in all studies (both trials) caused by theaflavin, thearubigins and combination of theaflavin & thearubigins based drink in rats

Fig. 11

Percent reduction in glucose as compared to control in all studies

Fig. 12

Percent increase in insulin as compared to control in all studies