Competing interests: Dr. Kassouf has received grants/honoraria from Amgen, Astellas, and Janssen. Dr. Aprikian has received grants/honoraria from Abbvie, Amgen, Astellas, and Janssen; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Astellas. Dr. Saad has attended advisory boards for and received payment/honoraria from AbbVie, Amgen Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, and Sanofi; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Amgen Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, and Sanofi. Dr. Izawa has received grants/honoraria from Abbott, AstraZeneca, Astellas, Janssen, Sanofi, and Pfizer. Dr. Eapen has received grants/honoraria from Abbott and AstraZeneca; and has participated in numerous clinical trials. Dr. Fairey has received speaker honoraria from J&J and Roche. Dr. So has been a speaker for Amgen, Astellas, and Janssen. Dr. North has attended advisory boards for Astellas; has received grants/honoraria from Astellas, Janssen, and Sanofi; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Astellas, Janssen, and Sanofi. Dr. Rendon has attended advisory boards and has been a speaker for Amgen, Astellas, Ferring, and Janssen. Dr. Sridhar has attended advisory boards for Astellas; has received grants/honoraria from Astellas, Janssen, and Sanofi; and has participated in clinical trials for Agenisys, Imclone, OGX, Roche, and Sanofi Aventis. Dr. Chung has received grants/honoraria from Sanofi. Dr. Fradet has attended advisory boards for Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, DiagnoCure, and Janssen; has received grants/honoraria from Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, GammaDynacare, and Janssen; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Abbott. Dr. Morash has attended advisory boards for AbbVie, Astellas, Ferring, Janssen, and Sanofi. Dr. Shayegan has received grants/honoraria from AbbVie, Astellas, Janssen, and Sanofi; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Astellas and Janssen. Dr. Gotto has attended advisory boards for Amgen, Astellas, and Janssen; has received honoraria from Amgen, Astellas, Janssen, and Novartis; and has participated in the clinical trials SPARTAN, ENZAMET, and COSMiC. Dr. Siemens has participated in clinical trials supported by Amgen, Astellas, Ferring, and Janssen. Dr. Black has attended advisory boards for AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, Biocancell, Cubist, Janssen, Novartis, and Sitka; has been a speaker for AbbVie, Janssen, Ferring, Novartis, and Red Leaf Medical; has received grants/honoraria from Pendopharm; has participated in clinical trials supported by Amgen, Astellas, Ferring, Janssen, and Roche; and has received research funding from GenomeDx, iProgen, Lilly, and New B Innovation. The remaining authors declare no competing financial or personal interests.