Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Dec 1;8(12):7998-8003.
doi: 10.1039/c7sc03612d. Epub 2017 Oct 2.

A practical and scalable system for heteroaryl amino acid synthesis

Affiliations

A practical and scalable system for heteroaryl amino acid synthesis

R A Aycock et al. Chem Sci. .

Abstract

A robust system for the preparation of β-heteroaryl α-amino acid derivatives has been developed using photoredox catalysis. This system operates via regiospecific activation of halogenated pyridines (or other heterocycles) and conjugate addition to dehydroalanine derivatives to deliver a wide range of unnatural amino acids. This process was conducted with good efficiency on large scale, the application of these conditions to amino ketone synthesis is shown, and a simple protocol is given for the preparation of enantioenriched amino acid synthesis, from a number of radical precursors.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Impact of pyridine incorporation into amino acids and peptide drugs.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. A proposed mechanism of heteroaryl radical conjugate addition to dehydroalanine.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Deacon C. F. Diabetes, Obes. Metab. 2011;13:7–18. - PubMed
    2. Tsantrizos Y. S. Acc. Chem. Res. 2008;41:1252–1263. - PubMed
    1. Evans D. A., Helmchen G. and Reuping M., in Asymmetric Synthesis: The Essentials, 2007, pp. 3–9.
    2. Gnas Y., Glorius F. Synthesis. 2006;12:1899–1930.
    1. Doyle A. G., Jacobsen E. N. Chem. Rev. 2007;107:5713–5743. - PubMed
    2. Davie E. A. C., Mennen S. M., Xu Y., Miller S. J. Chem. Rev. 2007;107:5759–5812. - PubMed
    3. Corey E. J., Helal C. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1998;37:1986–2012. - PubMed
    4. Helmchen G., Pfaltz A. Acc. Chem. Res. 2000;33:336–345. - PubMed
    5. Zhang F.-L., Hong K., Li T.-J., Park H., Yu J.-Q. Science. 2016;351:252–256. - PMC - PubMed
    6. MacMillan D. W. C. Nature. 2008;455:304–308. - PubMed
    7. Sakthivel K., Notz W., Bui T., Barbas C. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001;123:5260–5267. - PubMed
    8. Bertelsen S., Jørgensen K. A. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009;38:2178–2189. - PubMed
    1. Kaspar A. A., Reichert J. M. Drug Discovery Today. 2013;18:807–817. - PubMed
    2. Fosgerau K., Hoffmann T. Drug Discovery Today. 2015;20:122–128. - PubMed
    1. . For examples in synthetic peptide hormones, see:

    2. Blaskovich M. A. T. J. Med. Chem. 2016;59:10807–10836. - PubMed
    3. Reissmann T., Schally A. V., Bouchard P., Riethmuller H., Engel J. Hum. Reprod. Update. 2000;6:322–331. - PubMed
    4. Folkers K., Bowers C. Y., Kubiak T., Stepinski J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1983;111:1089–1095. - PubMed
    5. Asami T., Nishizawa N., Matsui H., Nishibori K., Ishibashi Y., Horikoshi Y., Nakayama M., Matsumoto S. I., Tarui N., Yamaguchi M., Matsumoto H., Ohtaki T., Kitada C. J. Med. Chem. 2013;56:8298–8307. - PubMed