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. 2018 Mar 21:10:ecurrents.outbreaks.58723332ec0de952adefd9a9b6905932.
doi: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.58723332ec0de952adefd9a9b6905932.

A Nosocomial Outbreak of Clinical Sepsis in a Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) in Port-Au-Prince Haiti, July 2014 - September 2015

Annick Lenglet  1 , Olumide Faniyan  2 , Joost Hopman  3
Affiliations

A Nosocomial Outbreak of Clinical Sepsis in a Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) in Port-Au-Prince Haiti, July 2014 - September 2015

Annick Lenglet et al. PLoS Curr. .

Abstract

Introduction: Between July 2014 and September 2015, a neonatal care unit (NCU) in Port Au Prince, Haiti, experienced an outbreak of sepsis, most probably due to nosocomial transmission of Extended Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing gram negative bacteria, included Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Methods: We describe the epidemiological and microbiological activities performed as part of the outbreak investigation and the control measures implemented throughout this period.

Results: During the study period 257 cases of sepsis were reported, of which 191 died. The case fatality decreased from 100% in July 2014 to 24% in September 2015 and could be attributed to an improvement in clinical management and strengthened infection prevention and control measures. Risk factors identified to be associated with having late onset sepsis (sepsis onset >48 hours after birth)(n=205/257, 79. included: all categories of birthweight lower than <2500g (p=<0.0001) and all categories of gestational age younger than 36 weeks (p=0.0002). Microbiological investigations confirmed that out of 32 isolates (N=55; 58%) that were positive for gram negative bacteria, 27 (89%) were due to K. pneumoniae and most of these were from single MLST type (ST37).

Discussion: This outbreak highlighted the importance of epidemiological and microbiological surveillance during an outbreak of sepsis in a NCU in a low resource setting, including regular point prevalence surveys.

Keywords: ESBL; Haiti; Klebsiella pneumoniae; antibiotic resistant; disease outbreak; nosocomial transmission.

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Figures

Epidemic curve of sepsis cases, confirmed cases of K. pneumoniae, gram negative bacteria cases and incidence of sepsis between July 2014 and September 2015.
Epidemic curve of sepsis cases, confirmed cases of K. pneumoniae, gram negative bacteria cases and incidence of sepsis between July 2014 and September 2015.
Case fatality ratio of suspected cases of clinical sepsis between July 2014 and September 2015.
Case fatality ratio of suspected cases of clinical sepsis between July 2014 and September 2015.
NB: CFR from July to September 2014 is not represented as all data recorded during this time period included only deaths.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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