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. 2018 Apr 7;11(4):569.
doi: 10.3390/ma11040569.

MitoQ Loaded Chitosan-Hyaluronan Composite Membranes for Wound Healing

Tamer M Tamer  1   2 , Maurice N Collins  3 , Katarina Valachová  4 , Mohamed A Hassan  5 , Ahmed M Omer  6 , Mohamed S Mohy-Eldin  7   8 , Karol Švík  9 , Rastislav Jurčík  10 , Ľubomír Ondruška  11 , Csaba Biró  12 , Ahmad B Albadarin  13 , Ladislav Šoltés  14
Affiliations

MitoQ Loaded Chitosan-Hyaluronan Composite Membranes for Wound Healing

Tamer M Tamer et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Two self-associating biopolymers, namely chitosan (Ch) and a high-molar-mass hyaluronan (HA), were used to prepare membranes with the aim to protect and to enhance the healing of injured skin. A mitochondrially-targeted antioxidant-MitoQ-was incorporated into the mixture of biopolymers prior to their self-association. These three-component membranes were evaluated in detail utilising surface roughness measurements, contact angle measurements, hemocompatibility, and thrombogenicity analyses. Furthermore, in vivo application of Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes was assessed on injured rabbit and rat skin utilizing histological methods. The results showed that the prepared thrombogenic Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes had higher roughness, which allowed for greater surface area for tissue membrane interaction during the healing processes, and lower cytotoxicity levels than controls. MitoQ-loaded composite membranes displayed superior healing properties in these animal models compared to control membranes.

Keywords: chitosan; hyaluronan; mitochondrially-targeted antioxidant; skin wounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
EDX spectrum of (a) Ch/HA and (b) Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes.
Figure 1
Figure 1
EDX spectrum of (a) Ch/HA and (b) Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM images of (a)Ch/HA and (b)Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Profiles of the wound closures in rabbits, when the wound was not treated (control), the wound treated with the Ch/HA membrane and the Ch/HA/MitoQ membrane. The asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 between the control and Ch/HA/MitoQ. The mark (#) indicates a significant difference between the Ch/HA and Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes at p ≤ 0.05. The mark ($) indicates a significant difference between the control and the Ch/HA membrane at p ≤ 0.05, n = 6 (a, b).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Histology of skin wounds in rabbits after 15 days of treatment. (a)Control: star—vascular granular tissue; (b)Ch/HA membrane: arrow—likely site of activated fibroblasts with formation of collagen fibres (it is acknowledged that a Masson trichrome or immunostaining is required to accurately identify these entities), star—newly-formed veins; (c)Ch/HA/MitoQ membrane: star—nonspecific granular tissue in the initial stage with enhanced cellularity.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Profiles of the wound closures in rats, when the wound was not treated (control), the wound treated with the Ch/HA membrane, and the Ch/HA/MitoQ membrane; and the asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05 between the control and Ch/HA/MitoQ). The mark (#) indicates a significant difference between the Ch/HA and Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes at p ≤ 0.05. The mark ($) indicates a significant difference between the control and the Ch/HA membrane at p ≤ 0.05, n = 5 (a, b).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Histology of wounds treated with control (gauze), Ch/HA, and Ch/HA/MitoQ membranes at the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after the injury. Epi: Epidermis; K: keratinous layers; IC: possible site of inflammatory cells; BV: blood vessels; HF: hair follicles; SG: sebaceous glands.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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