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Review
. 2018 May 25;56(6):e01875-17.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.01875-17. Print 2018 Jun.

Nipah Virus Infection

Brenda S P Ang #  1   2   3 , Tchoyoson C C Lim #  4   5 , Linfa Wang #  6   7
Affiliations
Review

Nipah Virus Infection

Brenda S P Ang et al. J Clin Microbiol. .

Abstract

Nipah virus, a paramyxovirus related to Hendra virus, first emerged in Malaysia in 1998. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis. Malaysia has had no more cases since 1999, but outbreaks continue to occur in Bangladesh and India. In the Malaysia-Singapore outbreak, transmission occurred primarily through contact with pigs, whereas in Bangladesh and India, it is associated with ingestion of contaminated date palm sap and human-to-human transmission. Bats are the main reservoir for this virus, which can cause disease in humans and animals. There are currently no effective therapeutics, and supportive care and prevention are the mainstays of management.

Keywords: Nipah; encephalitis; outbreaks.

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Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Typical MRI pattern of multiple small white matter lesions. (A) Multiple punctate white matter lesions (arrowheads) are visible on T2-weighted MR image. (B) The largest lesion is more prominent on corresponding diffusion-weighted image (DWI). Reprinted with permission from Lim et al. (24).
FIG 2
FIG 2
Map of henipavirus outbreaks and distribution of Pteropus bats. Adapted from Nipah virus distribution map, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov/vhf/nipah/outbreaks/distribution-map.html).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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