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. 2018 Mar 29:9:300.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00300. eCollection 2018.

Antiseptic Activity of Ethnomedicinal Xuebijing Revealed by the Metabolomics Analysis Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Lihua Zuo  1   2 , Lin Zhou  1   2 , Tanye Xu  1   2 , Zhuolun Li  1   2 , Liwei Liu  1   2 , Yingying Shi  1   2 , Jian Kang  1   2 , Guanmin Gao  3 , Shuzhang Du  1   2 , Zhi Sun  1   2 , Xiaojian Zhang  1   2
Affiliations

Antiseptic Activity of Ethnomedicinal Xuebijing Revealed by the Metabolomics Analysis Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Lihua Zuo et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Xuebijing (XBJ) injection is an ethnomedicinal formula that has been widely used in the therapy of sepsis in China. However, the underlying theraputic mechanisms remain uninvestigated. In this research, a metabolomic method based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was applied to make a holistic evaluation of XBJ on septic rats which were induced by the classical cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation. The plasma metabolic changes were profiled and evaluated by multivariate analytical (MVA) methods. In the results, a total of 41 differential metabolites were identified between CLP-operated group and sham-operated group, which were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. After pathway analysis, it was finally discovered that the majority of the influenced metabolic pathways caused by sepsis mainly involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation metabolism. When intervened by XBJ injection, 32 of the 41 disordered metabolites had been adjusted in reverse, which suggested that XBJ could mediate the abnormal metabolic pathways synergistically. In conclusion, the present study systematically investigated the efficacy and its underlying therapeutic mechanisms of XBJ on sepsis, while offering a new insight for the subsequent relevant exploration of other Chinese medicine at the same time.

Keywords: UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS; Xuebijing; anti-inflammatory; metabolomics; sepsis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The concentration level of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in different groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) The PCA plot of QC and samples in positive ion mode, (B) The PCA plot of QC and samples in negative ion mode, (C) The scatter distribution plot in the first principal components in positive ion mode, (D) The scatter distribution plot in the first principal components in negative ion mode.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) The PCA plot of the different groups in positive ion mode, (B) The PCA plot of the different groups in negative ion mode, (C) The OPLS-DA plot of the different groups in positive ion mode, (D) The OPLS-DA plot of the different groups in negative ion mode.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) The permutations test of the C vs. S group in positive ion mode, (B) The VIP plot of the C vs. S group in positive ion mode, (C) The S-plot of the C vs. S group in positive ion mode, (D) The permutations test of the C vs. S group in negative ion mode, (E) The VIP plot of the C vs. S group in negative ion mode, (F) The S-plot of the C vs. S group in negative ion mode.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) The volcano plot of the C vs. S group in positive ion mode, (B) The volcano plot of the C vs. S group in negative ion mode.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A) The heat map of the disordered metabolites in C vs. S group, (B) The heat map of the metabolites adjusted by XBJ injection in C, S, and X group.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The pathway analysis of the identified metabolites.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Disturbed metabolic pathway network in sepsis and the interventional effects of Xuebijing injection. The names marked in red represent up-regulated metabolites in septic rats, and the names marked in blue represent down-regulated metabolites in septic rats. The names marked in black represent undetected metabolites. The metabolites reversed by Xuebijing injection are marked with up and down arrows.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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