Pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous dose of teicoplanin in subjects with various degrees of renal impairment

Abstract

The pharmacokinetic profile of teicoplanin after single 3 mg/kg doses in adults with different degrees of renal failure was reviewed. The disposition of teicoplanin was adequately described by a three-compartment open pharmacokinetic model and it appears to be primarily related to the degree of renal function. Teicoplanin total body clearance was less and the terminal elimination half-life progressively prolonged in association with renal failure, but the volume of distribution at steady-state did not change. Highly significant relationships between teicoplanin total body and renal clearance and creatinine clearance have been reported and serve as a basis for adjusting dosage in patients with renal failure. In patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis teicoplanin, administered either intravenously or intraperitoneally, showed bidirectional exchange characteristics through the peritoneal membrane, although transfer from the systemic circulation to peritoneal fluid was consistently low. Haemodialysis made no significant contribution to total body clearance of teicoplanin. Guidelines for administration of teicoplanin in patients with renal failure are discussed.