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. 2018 Jun;146(8):946-953.
doi: 10.1017/S0950268818000821. Epub 2018 Apr 15.

Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review

Kathryn J Snow  1 , Lisa J Nelson  2 , Charalambos Sismanidis  3 , Susan M Sawyer  4 , Stephen M Graham  1
Affiliations

Incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review

Kathryn J Snow et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2018 Jun.

Abstract

The burden of tuberculosis (TB) among adolescents and young adults in endemic settings is poorly characterised. This study aimed to review published and unpublished estimates of the incidence and prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed TB among young people aged 10-24 years. We searched PubMed and World Health Organization archives for publications and unpublished data from population-based epidemiologic studies reporting confirmed pulmonary TB among young people, conducted from January 2000 onwards. We identified 27 publications and unpublished data from two national surveys, representing a total of 26 studies in 19 countries. The prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed TB ranged from 45 to 799 per 100 000 in the Asia-Pacific region and from 160 to 462 per 100 000 in African settings. We did not identify any epidemiologic studies of confirmed TB among adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many studies were excluded due to absent or inadequately reported age-specific data. Adolescents and young adults living in many endemic settings appear to be at substantial risk of developing active TB. There is a pressing need to improve the routine reporting of age in epidemiologic studies of TB, and to generate high-quality epidemiologic data regarding TB among adolescents living with HIV.

Keywords: Adolescent health; epidemiology; tuberculosis.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
PRISMA flowchart of study selection process.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Estimated national TB prevalence among adolescents and young people (per 100 000), from national TB prevalence surveys (country, survey start year, age group).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Estimated number of adolescents and young adults with prevalent pulmonary TB, based on national prevalence survey data (country, survey start year, age group).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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