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. 2018 Feb 21;3(2):30-38.
doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.160068. eCollection 2018 Feb.

Impingement around the hip: beyond cam and pincer

Niels Hendrik Bech  1 , Daniel Haverkamp  1
Affiliations

Impingement around the hip: beyond cam and pincer

Niels Hendrik Bech et al. EFORT Open Rev. .

Abstract

In this review, we bring to the attention of the reader three relatively unknown types of hip impingement. We explain the concept of low anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) impingement, also known as sub-spine impingement, ischio-femoral impingement (IFI) and pelvi-trochanteric impingement. For each type of impingement, we performed a search of relevant literature.We searched the PubMed, Medline (Ovid) and Embase databases from 1960 to March 2016. For each different type of impingement, a different search strategy was conducted.In total, 19 studies were included and described. No data analysis was performed since there was not much comparable data between studies.An overview of symptoms, clinical tests and possible surgical treatment options for the three different types of extra-articular impingement is provided.Several disorders around the hip can cause similar complaints. Therefore, we plead for a standardized classification. In young and athletic patients, in particular, there is much to gain if hip impingement is diagnosed early. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:30-38. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.160068.

Keywords: arthroscopy; hip; impingement.

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Conflict of interest statement

ICMJE Conflict of interest statement: Daniel Haverkamp declares consultancy for Arthrex, IMove, Implantcast, Mathys, Medichanical and Alphamed, activities outside the submitted work.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
a) Cam-type impingement before hip arthroscopy; b) same patient after arthroscopic cam resection.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Number of FAI publications published every year.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a) Pincer-type impingement before hip arthroscopy. The red line shows the anterior wall, the blue line the posterior wall. A cross-over sign is present. Also note the visible ischial spine sign. b) Same patient after arthroscopic decompression.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Low AIIS impingement type III.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
a) IFI in a valgus hip; b) a possible solution could be a varus intertrochanteric osteotomy.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Left hip of a 45-year-old woman with pelvitrochanteric impingement. Note the high-riding trochanter and short femoral neck.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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