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Multicenter Study
. 2018 Jul;41(7):799-806.
doi: 10.1111/pace.13349. Epub 2018 May 22.

Perioperative hematoma with subcutaneous ICD implantation: Impact of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies

Seth H Sheldon  1 , Ryan Cunnane  2 , Madhav Lavu  1 , Valay Parikh  1 , Donita Atkins  1 , Yeruva Madhu Reddy  1 , Loren D Berenbom  1 , Martin P Emert  1 , Rhea Pimentel  1 , Raghuveer Dendi  1 , Dhanunjaya R Lakkireddy  1
Affiliations
Free article
Multicenter Study

Perioperative hematoma with subcutaneous ICD implantation: Impact of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies

Seth H Sheldon et al. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2018 Jul.
Free article

Abstract

Background: The safety of perioperative anticoagulation (AC) and antiplatelet (AP) therapy with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) implantation is unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with hematoma complicating S-ICD implantation.

Methods: Records were retrospectively reviewed from 200 consecutive patients undergoing S-ICD implantation at two academic medical centers. A hematoma was defined as a device site blood accumulation requiring surgical evacuation, extended hospital stay, or transfusion.

Results: Among 200 patients undergoing S-ICD implantation (age 49 ± 17 years, 67% men), 10 patients (5%) had a hematoma, which required evacuation in six patients (3%). Warfarin was bridged or uninterrupted in 12 and 13 patients, respectively (6% and 6.5%). Four of 12 patients with warfarin and bridging AC (33%) and two of 13 patients with uninterrupted warfarin (15%) developed a hematoma. Neither of the two patients with uninterrupted DOAC had a hematoma. No patients on interrupted AC without bridging (n = 26, 13 with warfarin, 13 with DOAC) developed a hematoma. A hematoma was also more likely with the use of clopidogrel (n = 4/10 vs 10/190, 40% vs 5.3%, P < 0.0001) in combination with aspirin in 12/14 patients. Any bridging AC (odds ratio [OR] 10.3, 1.8-60.8, P = 0.01), clopidogrel (OR 10.0, 1.7-57.7, P = 0.01), and uninterrupted warfarin without bridging (OR 11.1, 1.7-74.3, P = 0.013) were independently associated with hematoma formation.

Conclusion: AC and/or AP therapy with clopidogrel appears to increase the risk for hematoma following S-ICD implantation. Interruption of AC without bridging should be considered when it is an acceptable risk to hold AC.

Keywords: anticoagulation; antiplatelet therapy; direct oral anticoagulant; hematoma; subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.

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References

REFERENCES

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