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Review
. 2018 Sep;65(9):e27089.
doi: 10.1002/pbc.27089. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Acute myelogenous leukemia in adolescents and young adults

Ursula Creutzig  1 , Matthew A Kutny  2 , Ronald Barr  3 , Richard F Schlenk  4 , Raul C Ribeiro  5
Affiliations
Review

Acute myelogenous leukemia in adolescents and young adults

Ursula Creutzig et al. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2018 Sep.

Abstract

The incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) increases progressively with age. Favorable genetic mutations are most prevalent in children, and unfavorable profiles increase proportionately in adolescents and young adults (AYA) and into later adulthood. Survival rates of AYA have improved over recent decades to 50-60%, but their accrual to clinical trials remains poor. In contrast to AYA with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the prognostic benefit for AYA with AML enrolled in pediatric compared with adult trials is minor and only seen when different protocols are used. The distinctive needs of AYA, including intensive psychological services, call for their treatment within specialized centers that offer complex supportive care.

Keywords: acute myelogenous leukemia (AML); adolescents and young adults (AYA); clinical trials; prognosis; survival.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Incidence of AML by gender and single year of age at diagnosis during 2000–2014, U.S. SEER18. Inset depicts age less than 40 years, including AYA range of 15 to 39 years.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Age-specific population-based incidences of cytogenetic subtypes in AML below 50 years of age. Absolute incidences of various cytogenetic subgroups in AML from a German population are shown. The y-axis shows absolute incidence per 100,000 individuals with the respective cytogenetic subgroups according to age. Different age groups are shown on the x-axis. Dotted lines indicate the logarithmic scale. Modified from Creutzig et al. 2016
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Proportion of all AML by International Classification of Diseases in Oncology ICD-O3 subtype (SEER 2000–2014).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Temporal trends in five-year AML-specific survival, U.S. SEER9, 1975–2010, by 8-year intervals and age.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
AML-specific survival during 2000–2014, U.S. SEER18, Age <40 years by 5-year age Intervals. The survival gap identifies the decrement in survival from age <15 to the AYA age range.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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