68Ga-Labeled PSMA Uptake in Nonprostatic Malignancies: Has the Time Come to Remove "PS" From PSMA?

Abstract

PET/CT with Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is increasingly recognized as the best imaging modality for disease staging and detection of recurrent prostate cancer. Despite its name, PSMA expression has been reported in a number of nonprostatic benign and malignant pathologies. Apparently, angioneogenesis is the mechanism attributed to increased Ga-PSMA uptake at these sites. Here we illustrate the utility of Ga-PSMA in 5 nonprostatic malignancies that could open up new possibilities for diagnostics and theranostic concepts with PSMA labeled radioligands in nonprostate tumor entities.