Plasma and Salivary Non-Urate Total Antioxidant Capacity Does Not Depend on Dietary Vitamin C, E, or β-Carotene Intake in Older Subjects

Abstract

The native Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of plasma and saliva is generally determined by uric acid (UA). Several studies have assessed the impact of habitual dietary antioxidative vitamin intake on TAC, but it remains unknown whether it influences Non-Urate Total Antioxidant Capacity (Nu-TAC), i.e., TAC after enzymatic UA elimination. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the intake of antioxidative vitamins C, E, and β-carotene, provided with usual daily food rations, affects plasma and salivary Nu-TAC. The study involved 56 older subjects (aged 66.9 ± 4.3 years), divided into two age- and sex-matched groups: group 1 (n = 28), with lower combined vitamin C, E, and β-carotene intake, and group 2 (n = 28), with higher intake. A 24 h dietary recall was obtained from each individual. Nu-TAC was assessed simultaneously with two methods in plasma (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma—Nu-FRAP, 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl—Nu-DPPH) and in saliva (Nu-FRAS and Nu-DPPHS test). No differences were found in the Nu-TAC parameters between the groups, either in plasma (Nu-FRAP, Nu-DPPH) or in saliva (Nu-FRAS, Nu-DPPHS) (p > 0.05). No plasma or salivary Nu-TAC indices correlated with dietary vitamin C, E, or β-carotene intake or with other nutrients. Habitual, not extra-supplemented dietary intake does not significantly affect plasma or salivary Nu-TAC.

Keywords: DPPH; FRAP; habitual diet; non-urate total antioxidant capacity; nutrition; plasma; saliva; vitamin C intake; vitamin E intake; β-carotene.

Figure 1

Comparison of daily intake of selected nutrients between the study groups: (a) vitamins; (b) minerals and water; (c) energy and other nutrients. The data are presented as mean ± SD. PUFA—Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; *—p < 0.05, †—p < 0.01, ‡—p < 0.001 as compared to group 1.

Figure 1

Comparison of daily intake of selected nutrients between the study groups: (a) vitamins; (b) minerals and water; (c) energy and other nutrients. The data are presented as mean ± SD. PUFA—Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; *—p < 0.05, †—p < 0.01, ‡—p < 0.001 as compared to group 1.