Different susceptibility to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection among Chinese native pig breeds

Abstract

China is rich in native pig breeds, yet information regarding the susceptibility/resistance of local breeds to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection is lacking. In the present study, an in vitro method based on assessing PRRSV replication in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) was established to evaluate PRRSV susceptibility/resistance in a commercial pig breed (Landrace) and five native pig breeds from Jiangsu and Anhui provinces in China. Expression levels of cytokines (IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ), Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), CD163 (PRRSV receptor), and sialoadhesin (Sn, PRRSV receptor) in infected pigs were determined using real-time PCR, and the association between PRRSV susceptibility/resistance and the abundance of the cytokines and receptors was investigated. The viral replication rate and titer at 0, 6, 12 18, 24 and 36 hours postinfection (hpi) were determined to assess the proliferation dynamics of PRRSV NJGC in PAMs. Based on the PRRSV proliferation dynamics, the results indicated that Dingyuan pigs were the most susceptible to PRRSV infection, whereas Jiangquhai pigs were the least susceptible to PRRSV infection among the six pig breeds tested, as indicated by measuring PRRSV replication and the viral load in PAMs. The different levels of susceptibility to PRRSV infection in PAMs may be associated with differences in the abundance of CD163 (PRRSV receptor), cytokines IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in Jiangquhai and Dingyuan pig breeds after viral inoculation.