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. 2019 Jun;43(6):1455-1464.
doi: 10.1007/s00264-018-3945-4. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

Current treatment and outcomes of traumatic sternal fractures-a systematic review

Dorine S Klei  1 , Mirjam B de Jong  2 , F Cumhur Öner  3 , Luke P H Leenen  2 , Karlijn J P van Wessem  2
Affiliations

Current treatment and outcomes of traumatic sternal fractures-a systematic review

Dorine S Klei et al. Int Orthop. 2019 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: Traumatic sternal fractures are rare injuries. The most common mechanism of injury is direct blunt trauma to the anterior chest wall. Most (> 95%) sternal fractures are treated conservatively. Surgical fixation is indicated in case of fracture instability, displacement or non-union. However, limited research has been performed on treatment outcomes. This study aimed to provide an overview of the current treatment practices and outcomes of traumatic sternal fractures and dislocations.

Methods: A systematic review of literature published from 1990 to June 2017 was conducted. Original studies on traumatic sternal fractures, reporting sternal healing or sternal stability were included. Studies on non-traumatic sternal fractures or not reporting sternal healing outcomes, as well as case reports (n = 1), were excluded.

Results: Sixteen studies were included in this review, which reported treatment outcomes for 191 patients. Most included studies were case series of poor quality. All patients showed sternal healing and 98% reported pain relief. Treatment complications occurred in 2% of patients.

Conclusions: Treatment of traumatic sternal fractures and dislocations is an underexposed topic. Although all patients in this review displayed sternal healing, results should be interpreted with caution since most included studies were of poor quality.

Keywords: Outcomes; Systematic review; Traumatic sternal fractures; Treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

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Fig. 1
Search summary
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Anatomy of sternal injuries
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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