Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2018 Nov;52(5):529-540.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.014. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Adverse events of fluoroquinolones vs. other antimicrobials prescribed in primary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

M Tandan  1 , M Cormican  2 , A Vellinga  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Adverse events of fluoroquinolones vs. other antimicrobials prescribed in primary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

M Tandan et al. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are second-line antimicrobial agents. Once the decision to prescribe an antimicrobial is made, the choice of antimicrobial should be based on both the benefits and adverse effects. This systematic review quantifies the occurrence of common adverse events (AEs) related to FQs in relation to any other antimicrobial for any indication in primary care.

Methods: We searched randomized controlled trials from Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINHAL. FQs had to be administered orally, for any indication, to adults and in primary care. Data were extracted independently in standard forms in "Covidence". Pooled estimates of the intervention effects for AEs were determined by the Peto odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in Revman.

Results: In the 39 studies selected, the most commonly reported AEs were nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, dizziness, and rash. A meta-analysis of 28 studies reporting AEs showed central nervous system (CNS)-related AEs (OR 1.40 (1.12-1.75) P = 0.003, heterogeneity (I2) = 0%) and gastrointestinal (GI)-related AEs (OR 1.20 (1.06-1.36) P = 0.005, I2 = 80%) were significantly associated with FQs compared with other antimicrobials. Compared with FQs, co-amoxiclav showed significantly more total AEs (OR 0.70 (0.54-0.90) P = 0.006, I2 = 78%) and GI-related AEs (OR 0.69 (0.52-0.91) P = 0.008, I2 = 94%). Withdrawal or discontinuation due to drug-related AEs was higher for FQs (OR 1.19 (1.00-1.42) P = 0.05, I2 = 5%). Sensitivity analyses did not change these results.

Conclusion: FQs are associated with more CNS- and GI-related AEs compared with other types of antimicrobial. This information is relevant to support decision making in relation to antimicrobial prescribing.

Keywords: Adverse events; Antimicrobials; Fluoroquinolones; Primary care; Systematic review.

PubMed Disclaimer

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources