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. 2018 Apr 18:13:681-689.
doi: 10.2147/CIA.S161191. eCollection 2018.

Deep vein thrombosis in bilateral lower extremities after hip fracture: a retrospective study of 463 patients

Bin-Fei Zhang #  1 , Xing Wei #  1 , Hai Huang  1 , Peng-Fei Wang  1 , Ping Liu  1 , Shuang-Wei Qu  1 , Jia-Hao Li  1 , Hu Wang  1 , Yu-Xuan Cong  1 , Yan Zhuang  1 , Kun Zhang  1
Affiliations

Deep vein thrombosis in bilateral lower extremities after hip fracture: a retrospective study of 463 patients

Bin-Fei Zhang et al. Clin Interv Aging. .

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the incidences of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) before and after operation in inpatients with hip fractures in both lower extremities.

Patients and methods: We collected the clinical data of 463 patients with lower extremities fractures who presented at Xi'an Honghui Hospital between July 1, 2014, and October 31, 2016 and met all the inclusion criteria. Doppler ultrasonography was used to diagnose DVT. The patients were examined preoperatively and postoperatively and divided into the thrombosis and non-thrombosis group according to the ultrasonographic findings. We divided the DVT cases into central, peripheral, and mixed thromboses.

Results: The incidence of preoperative DVT was 34.98%, and the prevalence of DVT on the uninjured side was 13.60%. This composition ratio increased to 57.23% postoperatively, and the prevalence of DVT on the uninjured side was 25.05%. Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.04; P=0.002), venous thrombosis at admission (OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 2.30-7.13; P=0.000), and the days between the fracture and the operation (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; P=0.020) were the independent risk factors of preoperative DVT. Coronary heart disease (OR, 1.85; 95% CI: 1.18-2.89; P=0.007), venous thrombosis at admission (OR, 22.35; 95% CI: 6.78-73.60; P=0.000), days between fracture and operation (OR, 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11; P=0.021), and blood loss (OR, 1.002; 95% CI: 1.000-1.003; P=0.014) were independent risk factors of postoperative DVT.

Conclusion: The actual incidence of DVT after hip fracture may be underestimated. The incidences of preoperative and postoperative DVTs and the incidence of DVT on the uninjured limb were high.

Keywords: anticoagulation; deep vein thrombosis; hip fracture; low-molecular-weight heparin; ultrasonography.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors have no funding or commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The risk factors of DVT formation in hip fracture. (A) The contributing factors to preoperative DVT. (B) The contributing factors to postoperative DVT. Abbreviation: DVT, deep vein thrombosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dynamic changes of DVT before and after operation. Abbreviation: DVT, deep vein thrombosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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