Potential erosive effect of mouthrinses on enamel and dentin

Abstract

This in vitro study measured the pH values, titratable acidity (TA), and erosive potential of commercially available mouthrinses. A pH analysis of 6 mouthrinses (Listerine Total Care, Listerine Ultraclean, Listerine Original, Crest Pro-Health, Scope Classic, and ACT Total Care) was performed using a calibrated pH meter, and the neutralizable acidity was measured by titrating the mouthwashes against 0.1 M of sodium hydroxide. A gravimetric analysis was performed by submerging human enamel and dentin specimens in 5 mL of each mouthrinse for a total of 2 weeks. Specimens were weighed on a calibrated analytical balance at baseline, 24 hours, 48 hours, 96 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks, and finally the loss of mass was calculated. The differences in erosive potential among the 6 mouthrinses were verified using nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann- Whitney). The level of significance was set at 0.05. The mouthrinses were found to have the following mean pH/ TA values: Crest Pro-Health, 7.05/0.00; ACT Total Care, 6.31/5.44; Scope Classic, 5.18/0.42; Listerine Original, 3.98/9.26; Listerine Total Care, 3.43/5.88; and Listerine Ultraclean, 3.87/10.36. A significant correlation between pH and TA was observed for this dataset (P > 0.0001). No statistically significant difference in enamel loss among the groups was observed (P = 0.0631). However, a significant difference in dentin loss was observed among the 6 mouthrinses (P = 0.0011). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that some mouthrinses have a pH lower than the critical pH of enamel and dentin. There is a significant association between acidic pH values and higher TA. Some of the tested mouthrinses presented an erosive potential on dentin.