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Review
. 2018 May;39(5):225-234.
doi: 10.1542/pir.2016-0191.

Pediatric Vision Screening

Allison R Loh  1 , Michael F Chiang  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Pediatric Vision Screening

Allison R Loh et al. Pediatr Rev. 2018 May.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
A. A provider performing red reflex testing approximately 2 to 3 ft from the infant. B. The provider's view of bilateral red reflex viewing both eyes simultaneously.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Red reflex examination. A. Normal: Child looks at light. Both red reflections are equal. B. Unequal refraction: One red reflection is brighter than the other. C. No reflex (cataract): The presence of lens or other media opacities blocks the red reflection or diminishes it. D. Foreign body/abrasion (left cornea): The red reflection from the pupil will backlight corneal defects or foreign bodies. Movement of the examiner’s head in 1 direction will appear to move the corneal defects in the opposite direction. E. Strabismus: The corneal light reflex is temporally displaced in the misaligned right eye, indicating esotropia. (Reprinted with permission from American Academy of Pediatrics; Section on Ophthalmology; American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus; American Academy of Ophthalmology; American Association of Certified Orthoptists. Red reflex examination in neonates, infants, and children. Pediatrics. 2008;122(6):1402. Image courtesy of Alfred G. Smith, MD © 1991.)
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
LEA SYMBOLS®. (Reprinted with permission from Good-Lite Co, Elgin, IL.)
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Pseudoesotropia with wide epicanthal folds. Despite the left eye appearing crossed because there is less white sclera visible nasally, the well-centered light reflexes confirm pseudoesotropia.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Esotropia of the left eye.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. de Koning HJ, Groenewoud JH, Lantau VK, et al. Effectiveness of screening for amblyopia and other eye disorders in a prospective birth cohort study. J Med Screen. 2013;20(2):66–72 - PubMed
    1. Birch EE, Holmes JM. The clinical profile of amblyopia in children younger than 3 years of age. J AAPOS. 2010;14(6):494–497 - PMC - PubMed
    1. American Academy of Ophthalmology Pediatric Ophthalmology/Strabismus Panel. Pediatric eye evaluations; In: Preferred Practice Pattern® Guidelines. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2012