Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Apr 1;10(4):e327-e334.
doi: 10.4317/jced.54385. eCollection 2018 Apr.

Incidence, severity and orthodontic treatment difficulty index of impacted canines in Saudi population

Maged-Sultan Alhammadi  1 , Hanan-Ahmed Asiri  2 , Abeer-Abdulkarem Almashraqi  3
Affiliations

Incidence, severity and orthodontic treatment difficulty index of impacted canines in Saudi population

Maged-Sultan Alhammadi et al. J Clin Exp Dent. .

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the incidence, severity and orthodontic treatment difficulty of impacted maxillary canines in Saudi population.

Material and methods: This retrospective study included an investigation of panoramic radiographs for patients attended College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. The incidence of canine impaction and orthodontic treatment difficulty index of maxillary canine impaction was assessed based on; (1) patient age, (2) vertical position, (3) buccolingual position, (4) horizontal position, (5) incisors alignment, (6) canine space, (7) midline coincidence, (8) rotation of impacted tooth. Statistical analyses were calculated by independent Chi-Square test. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Canine impaction was found in (1.9%) of the population. Bilateral canine impaction was present in 22.3% of the patient with impacted canines. Ninety two percent had impacted maxillary canines only while 7.5% had impacted maxillary canines with other impacted teeth. The ratio of maxillary to mandibular impaction was about 10:1. Females (69.4%) had more impacted canines than males (30.6%) with no significant sex predilection. Orthodontic treatment difficulty index was statistically significant (P ≤0.05) in males more than females. Males revealed statistically significant (P ≤0.05) difficulty regarding canine angulation and the vertical position while females showed significant difficulty regarding dental midline and incisors irregularity or crowding of incisor segment.

Conclusions: Prevalence of maxillary canine impaction in Jazan is within the range of impacted canine in other populations. Females showed more canine impactions than males while the orthodontic treatment difficulty index is more in males than females. Key words:Incidence, Jazan, impaction, maxillary canines, difficulty index.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare have declared that no conflicts of interest exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Angulation of the impacted canine to the midsagittal plane A) Score 1: less than 30 degree, B) Score 2: between 30–45 degree, C) Score 3: more than 45 degree.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Vertical position of the impacted canine A) Score 1: canine cusp tip at the level of the cementoenamel junction of the adjacent incisor, B) Score 2: canine cusp tip at the middle of root the adjacent incisor, C) Score 3: canine cusp tip within the apical third of root the adjacent incisor, D) Score 4: Canine cusp tip above the apical third of root the adjacent incisor.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Horizontal position of the impacted canine A) Score 1: canine overlapping up to half the width of the lateral incisor, B) Score 2: canine overlapping over to half the width of the lateral incisor, C) Score 3: canine completely overlapping the lateral incisor, D) Score 4: canine overlapping up to half the width of the central incisor.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Fardi A, Kondylidou-Sidira A, Bachour Z, Parisis N, Tsirlis A. Incidence of impacted and supernumerary teeth-a radiographic study in a North Greek population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011;16:e56–61. - PubMed
    1. Litsas G, Acar A. A review of early displaced maxillary canines: etiology, diagnosis and interceptive treatment. Open Dent J. 2011;5:39–47. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jacoby H. The etiology of maxillary canine impactions. Am J Orthod. 1983;84:125–32. - PubMed
    1. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. The palatally displaced canine as a dental anomaly of genetic origin. Angle Orthod. 1994;64:249–56. - PubMed
    1. Manne R, Gandikota C, Juvvadi SR, Rama HRM, Anche S. Impacted canines: Etiology, diagnosis, and orthodontic management. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2012;4:S234. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources