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. 2018 Jun 28;376(2122):20170172.
doi: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0172.

Evidences of strong sources of DFe and DMn in Ryder Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula

Johann Bown  1 , Hans van Haren  2 , Michael P Meredith  3 , Hugh J Venables  3 , Patrick Laan  2 , J Alexander Brearley  3 , Hein J W de Baar  2   4
Affiliations

Evidences of strong sources of DFe and DMn in Ryder Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula

Johann Bown et al. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. .

Abstract

The spatial distribution, biogeochemical cycling and external sources of dissolved iron and dissolved manganese (DFe and DMn) were investigated in Ryder Bay, a small coastal embayment of the West Antarctic Peninsula, during Austral summer (2013 and 2014). Dissolved concentrations were measured throughout the water column at 11 stations within Ryder Bay. The concentration ranges of DFe and DMn were large, between 0.58 and 32.7 nM, and between 0.18 and 26.2 nM, respectively, exhibiting strong gradients from the surface to the bottom. Surface concentrations of DFe and DMn were higher than concentrations reported for the Southern Ocean and coastal Antarctic waters, and extremely high concentrations were detected in deep water. Glacial meltwater and shallow sediments are likely to be the main sources of DFe and DMn in the euphotic zone, while lateral advection associated with local sediment resuspension and vertical mixing are significant sources for intermediate and deep waters. During summer, vertical mixing of intermediate and deep waters and sediment resuspension occurring from Marguerite Trough to Ryder Bay are thought to be amplified by a series of overflows at the sills, enhancing the input of Fe and Mn from bottom sediment and increasing their concentrations up to the euphotic layer.This article is part of the theme issue 'The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change'.

Keywords: GEOTRACES; Rothera; Western Antarctic Peninsula; iron; manganese; trace metals.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare we have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Map of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (a) and Ryder Bay (b), Rothera Antarctic Time Series sampling site (RATS1) and other sampling sites are marked by an orange star; additional stations for the surface transect are marked by a blue star. (Online version in colour.)
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The linear relationship between potential density and potential temperature.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Potential temperature (°C) versus salinity of each sampling site.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Dissolved O2 (μmol kg−1) versus depth (m).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Surface (5 m depth samples) transect plots of DFe (dark red dots), DMn (purple dots); salinity (blue line) and fluorescence (green line, mV); δ18O (‰) and glacier and sea-ice melt percentage (%).
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
The concentration of DFe and DMn vertical distributions (nM). (Online version in colour.)
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Turbidity (NTU), from an FLNTU sensor in an ECO Puck on a Slocum glider, following the deepest route from the source waters in Marguerite Bay to the RaTS site in Ryder Bay.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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