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. 2018 Apr;14(3):554-559.
doi: 10.5114/aoms.2016.58744. Epub 2016 Mar 23.

Hepatitis C coinfection adversely affects the life expectancy of people living with HIV in northwestern Poland

Magdalena Leszczyszyn-Pynka  1 , Piotr Ciejak  1 , Katarzyna Maciejewska  1 , Magdalena Witak-Jędra  1 , Malwina Karasińska-Cieślak  2 , Ewa Karpińska  3 , Marta Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska  3 , Miłosz Parczewski  1
Affiliations

Hepatitis C coinfection adversely affects the life expectancy of people living with HIV in northwestern Poland

Magdalena Leszczyszyn-Pynka et al. Arch Med Sci. 2018 Apr.

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis C (HCV) infection adversely affects survival among people living with HIV, increasing mortality risk due to liver-related causes. In Poland HCV is found among ~30% of HIV infected individuals, with only a small percentage successfully treated for this coinfection. This study aimed to analyze the HCV-associated influence on the life expectancy among HIV/HCV coinfected patients from northwestern Poland.

Material and methods: Longitudinal data of 701 (368 HIV monoinfected and 368 HIV/HCV coinfected) patients were investigated to assess the life expectancy and survival after HIV diagnosis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox analyses were used to assess the mortality risk in both unadjusted and multivariate models. Effect plots indicate the adjusted hazard ratio for HCV-associated survival.

Results: Overall mortality was significantly higher among HCV coinfected (22.52%) compared to HIV monoinfected (10.32%) cases (p < 0.001, OR = 2.52 (95% CI: 1.65-3.85)), with shorter life expectancy among HIV/HCV infected patients (median: 55.4 (IQR: 42.8-59.1) years) compared to HIV monoinfection (median 72.7 (IQR: 60.4-76.8) years, univariate HR = 4.15 (95% CI: 2.7-6.38), p < 0.0001, adjusted HR = 2.32 (95% CI: 1.47-3.65), p < 0.0001). After HIV diagnosis, HCV adversely influenced the survival after 15 years of follow-up, with a strengthened impact in the subsequent 5 years (univariate HR = 1.57 (95% CI: 1.05-2.34) p = 0.026 for the 20-year survival time point, adjusted HR = 2.21 (95% CI: 1.18-4.13), p = 0.013).

Conclusions: Among patients living with HIV, HCV coinfection is associated with a median life expectancy decrease of 17.3 years and low probability of surviving until the age of 65 years. In the era of directly acting anti-HCV drugs, treatment scale-up and immediacy of treatment are advisable in this cohort.

Keywords: HIV/HCV coinfection; hepatitis C virus treatment; mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan-Meier plots for probability of long-term survival among HIV monoinfected and HIV/HCV coinfected patients
Figure 2
Figure 2
A – Kaplan-Meier plots indicating probability of survival after HIV diagnosis among HIV monoinfected and HIV/HCV coinfected patients. B – Multivariate Cox regression plots presenting adjusted hazard ratios associated with mortality at the time point of 20 years follow-up with HIV. Squares represent adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the parameters, lines represent confidence intervals for the HR
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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