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Review
. 2018 Apr 15;9(4):66-71.
doi: 10.4239/wjd.v9.i4.66.

Correlation between metabolic syndrome and sleep apnea

Alejandro Castaneda  1 , Edgar Jauregui-Maldonado  1 , Iqbal Ratnani  2 , Joseph Varon  3 , Salim Surani  4
Affiliations
Review

Correlation between metabolic syndrome and sleep apnea

Alejandro Castaneda et al. World J Diabetes. .

Abstract

The so-called "metabolic syndrome" (MS), constitutes a cluster of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities, including fasting glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and waist circumference that arise from insulin resistance. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway, involving cessation or significant decreased airflow, with intermittent hypoxemia, frequent arousals from sleep and recurrent oxyhemoglobin desaturations that interfere with normal sleep patterns generating difficulty falling asleep, unrefreshing sleep and loud snoring. The relation between these two entities is known as "Syndrome Z", and there is no question about the impact of these risk factors on health and disease. This clinical condition presents a growing epidemic Worldwide, affecting approximately 60% of the general population with both MS and OSA due to the constant increase of body mass index in humans. This article presents evidence-based data that focuses on the direct relationship between MS and OSA.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea; Sleep apnea; Syndrome Z.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no declared competing conflict of interest between authors.

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Flow chart implemented for the selection of articles for this review.
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