Early Hemolysis Within Human Intracerebral Hematomas: an MRI Study

Abstract

Early hemolysis occurs in the hematoma within 24 h in rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present study investigated the prevalence of early hemolysis in ICH patients using MRI and the relationship between early hemolysis and perihematomal edema. Thirty ICH patients were prospectively enrolled within 24 h of onset. All patients had cranial CT on admission. Cranial MRI with T2 FLAIR-weighted imaging and T2*-weighted imaging were undertaken at days 1 and 14. The evolution of a non-hypointense lesion on T2*-weighted images and the relationship between the volume of that non-hypointense lesion and perihematomal edema volume were investigated. MRI images of 15 patients were analyzed. The median hematoma volume was 16.3 ml on admission. All patients underwent a baseline MRI within 24 h of ICH onset and showed a non-hypointense lesion within the hematoma on T2*-weighted images. The volume of non-hypointense lesion on T2*-weighted image was 6.0 (8.9) ml at day 1 and 8.6 (17.3) ml at day 14. The absolute perihematomal edema volume was 16.0 (17.9) ml and 24.8 (27.5) ml at days 1 and 14, respectively. There was a linear correlation between non-hypointense T2* lesion and perihematomal edema volume at day 1 and day 14 (p < 0.01). Early hemolysis in the hematoma occurs in humans and contributes to the development of perihematomal edema.

Keywords: Brain edema; Cerebral hemorrhage; Hemolysis; Magnetic resonance imaging.