Leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with immunoglobulin A lambda monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A case report and review of previously reported cases

Abstract

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is often associated with immunoglobulin (Ig)A deposition on the vascular walls. IgA-associated leukocytoclastic vasculitis comprises various underlying diseases. Hematological disorders that can be minor triggers include multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old woman with leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of the IgA lambda chain. Oral steroid administration initially showed remission of vasculitis; however, the condition recurred after four attempts of treatment withdrawal. We also reviewed previous reports of 14 cases of IgA-associated leukocytoclastic vasculitis, of which 11 were associated with multiple myeloma and three with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.

Keywords: M-protein gammopathy; immunoglobulin A-associated vasculitis; leukocytoclastic vasculitis; monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; myeloma.