Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Jun;32(4):466-474.
doi: 10.1037/adb0000373. Epub 2018 May 21.

Triple trajectories of alcohol use, tobacco use, and depressive symptoms as predictors of cannabis use disorders among urban adults

Jung Yeon Lee  1 , Judith S Brook  1 , Wonkuk Kim  2
Affiliations

Triple trajectories of alcohol use, tobacco use, and depressive symptoms as predictors of cannabis use disorders among urban adults

Jung Yeon Lee et al. Psychol Addict Behav. 2018 Jun.

Abstract

Heavy cannabis use is associated with a wide array of physical, mental, and functional problems. Therefore, cannabis use disorders (CUDs) may be a major public health concern. Given the adverse health consequences of CUDs, the present study seeks to find possible precursors of CUDs. The current study consisted of 5 waves of data collection from the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study. Among 816 participants, about half are African Americans (52%), and the other half are Puerto Ricans (48%). We used Mplus to obtain the triple trajectories of alcohol use, tobacco use, and depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analyses were then conducted to examine the associations between the trajectory groups and CUDs. The 5 trajectory groups were (1) moderate alcohol use, high tobacco use, and high depressive symptoms (MHH; 12%); (2) moderate alcohol use, high tobacco use, and low depressive symptoms (MHL; 26%); (3) moderate alcohol use, low tobacco use, and low depressive symptoms (MLL; 18%); (4) low alcohol use, no tobacco use, and high depressive symptoms (LNH; 11%); and (5) low alcohol use, no tobacco use, and low depressive symptoms (LNL; 33%). The MHH, MHL, MLL, and LNH trajectory groups were associated with an increased likelihood of having CUDs compared to the LNL trajectory group after controlling for a number of confounding factors (e.g., CUDs in the late 20s). The findings of the current longitudinal study suggest that treatments designed to reduce or quit drinking as well as smoking and to relieve depressive symptoms may reduce the prevalence of CUDs. (PsycINFO Database Record

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Interest The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this paper. The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Triple trajectories of alcohol use, tobacco use, and depressive symptoms Notes. Answer options for alcohol use: (0) none at all - (4) 3 or 4 drinks a day or more; Answer options for tobacco use: (0) none at all - (4) about one and a half packs a day or more; Answer options for depressive symptoms: (0) completely false - (3) completely true
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Agrawal Arpana, Budney Alan J, Lynskey Michael T. The co-occurring use and misuse of cannabis and tobacco: a review. Addiction. 2012;107(7):1221–1233. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03837.x. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Agrawal Arpana, Lynskey Michael T, Madden Pamela AF, Pergadia Michele L, Bucholz Kathleen K, Heath Andrew C. Simultaneous cannabis and tobacco use and cannabis-related outcomes in young women. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2009;101(1):8–12. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.019. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Auer Reto, Vittinghoff Eric, Yaffe Kristine, Künzi Arnaud, Kertesz Stefan G, Levine Deborah A, … Sidney Stephen. Association between lifetime marijuana use and cognitive function in middle age: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2016;176(3):352–361. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7841. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bachman Jerald G, Wadsworth Katherine N, O'Malley Patrick M, Johnston Lloyd D, Schulenberg John E. Smoking, drinking, and drug use in young adulthood: The impacts of new freedoms and new responsibilities. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Association, Inc; 1997.
    1. Bagot Kara S, Milin Robert, Kaminer Yifrah. Adolescent initiation of cannabis use and early-onset psychosis. Substance Abuse. 2015;36(4):524–533. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2014.995332. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms