Treatment of Venous Malformations: The Data, Where We Are, and How It Is Done

Abstract

Venous malformations are the most common type of congenital vascular malformation. The diagnosis and management of venous malformations may be challenging, as venous malformations may be located anywhere in the body and range from small and superficial to large and extensive lesions. There are many treatment options for venous malformations including systemic targeted drugs, open surgery, sclerotherapy, cryoablation, and laser photocoagulation. This article reviews the natural history, clinical evaluation, imaging diagnosis, and treatment modalities of venous malformations.

Keywords: Alcohol; Bleomycin; Cryoablation; Sclerotherapy; Vascular Malformations; Venous malformations.