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Review
. 2018 Jun 5;131(11):1357-1364.
doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.232801.

Urinary Extracellular Vesicle: A Potential Source of Early Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarker in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Wei-Cheng Xu  1 , Ge Qian  1 , Ai-Qun Liu  1 , Yong-Qiang Li  1 , He-Qun Zou  1
Affiliations
Review

Urinary Extracellular Vesicle: A Potential Source of Early Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarker in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Wei-Cheng Xu et al. Chin Med J (Engl). .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease. Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) contain rich biological information which could be the ideal source for noninvasive biomarkers of DKD. This review discussed the potential early diagnostic and therapeutic values of proteins and microRNAs in uEVs in DKD.

Data sources: This review was based articles published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases up to November 20, 2017, with the following keywords: "Diabetic kidney disease", "Extracellular vesicle", and "Urine".

Study selection: Relevant articles were carefully reviewed, with no exclusions applied to the study design and publication type.

Results: There is no "gold standard" technology to separate and/or purify uEVs. The uEVs contain a variety of proteins and RNAs and participate in the physiological and pathological processes of the kidney. UEVs, especially urinary exosomes, may be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment to DKD. Furthermore, the uEVs has been used as a therapeutic target for DKD.

Conclusion: Proteins and nucleic acids in uEVs represent promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of DKD.

尿液细胞外囊泡：潜在的早期诊断和治疗糖尿病肾病的生物标记物摘要目的：糖尿病肾病已经成为导致终末期肾病的一种最主要原因。尿液细胞外囊泡包含了丰富的生物信息，可以作为糖尿病肾病非侵入性生物标记物的理想来源。本综述会讨论尿液细胞外囊泡中的蛋白质及微小RNA在早期诊断及治疗糖尿病肾病中的潜在价值。 数据源：本综述基于2017年11月20日前在线文献数据库的全面检索，包含PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Google学术搜索, 检索关键词为：“糖尿病肾病”，“细胞外囊泡”和“尿液”。 文献筛选：相关文章已进行仔细筛选，没有因研究设计和出版类型而排除文献。 结果：没有分离和/或纯化尿液细胞外囊泡的“金标准”技术。尿液细胞外囊泡包含大量的蛋白质和RNA，它们参与了肾脏的生理及病理过程。尿液细胞外囊泡，特别是尿液外泌体，可能是一种有效的早期诊断和治疗糖尿病肾病的生物标记物。此外，尿液细胞外囊泡已被作为糖尿病肾病的治疗靶标。 结论：尿液细胞外囊泡中的蛋白质和RNA是诊断和治疗糖尿病肾病的潜在的生物标志物。.

Keywords: Biomarker; Diabetic Kidney Disease; Diagnosis; Extracellular Vesicles; Therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes: multivesicular body formation (a) and intraluminal vesicles formation (b) based on ESCRT complex involvement. ESCRT: Endosomal sorting complex required for transport; EE: Early endosome; MVB: Multivesicular body.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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