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Meta-Analysis
. 2018 May 25;18(1):43.
doi: 10.1186/s12866-018-1188-6.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci clinical isolates from Ethiopia: a meta-analysis

Serawit Deyno  1   2 , Sintayehu Fekadu  3 , Sisay Seyfe  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci clinical isolates from Ethiopia: a meta-analysis

Serawit Deyno et al. BMC Microbiol. .

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistant Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) have limited treatment options, rendered diseases untreatable and made hospitals to be reservoirs of the resistant strains. The aim of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of CoNS from Ethiopia.

Results: The electronic database search yielded 6511 articles of which 21 met predefined inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of CoNS from Ethiopia was 12% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8, 16%). The analyses revealed high level of CoNS resistance to methicilin (37%[95% CI: 21, 55%]), vancomycin (911%[95% CI: 0, 35%]), penicillin (58%[95% CI: 42, 74%]), amoxicillin (42%[95% CI: 23, 61%]), amoxicillin-clavulanate (27%[95% CI: 2, 27%]), ampicillin (64%[95% CI: 46, 80%]), tetracycline (60% [95% CI: 49, 70%]), doxycycline (36%[95% CI:19,55%]), Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (50%[95% CI: 36, 64%]), ceftriaxone (27% [95% CI: 18, 38%]), cephalothin (32% [95% CI: 7, 62%]), norfloxacin (39%[95% CI: 24, 56%]), chloramphenicol (40%[95% CI: 23, 58%]), clindamycin (11% [95% CI: 2, 27%]), ciprofloxacin (14%[95% CI: 6, 22%]), gentamicin (27%[95% CI:19,36%]) and erythromycin (30%[95% CI:20%,42%]). High heterogeneity, I2 ranging from 69.04 to 96.88%; p-values ≤0.01, was observed. Eggers' test did not detect publication bias for the meta-analyses and low risk of bias was observed in included studies.

Conclusions: CoNS has gotten resistant to commonly used antimicrobials from Ethiopia. There is a need of launching national antimicrobial treatment, development and implementation of policy guidelines to contain the threat. Further research focusing on factors promoting resistance and the effect of resistance on treatment outcome studies are warranted.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; CoNS; Ethiopia; Meta-analysis; Methicilin; Vancomycin.

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Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of retrieval of studies: Number of studies screened, assessed for eligibility, and included in the meta-analysis with reasons
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Summary of risk of bias for all the included studies
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of prevalence of CoNS from Ethiopia by study design
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plot of prevalence of CoNS from Ethiopia by isolation source
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Forest plot of prevalence of CoNS from Ethiopia by area (region)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Comparison of prevalence of CoNS resistance to different antimicrobials from Ethiopia
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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