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. 2018 Mar-Apr;34(2):457-462.
doi: 10.12669/pjms.342.13996.

Expression of aberrant antigens in hematological malignancies: A single center experience

Aneeta Shahni  1 , Madiha Saud  2 , Saima Siddiqui  3 , Samina Naz Mukry  4
Affiliations

Expression of aberrant antigens in hematological malignancies: A single center experience

Aneeta Shahni et al. Pak J Med Sci. 2018 Mar-Apr.

Abstract

Background and objective: Aberrant phenotype is a phenomenon of abnormal expression or loss of expression of cell specific lineage marker not associated with specific cell type. Aberrant phenotype expression due to genetic defects may be associated with unfavorable outcome. It can be used to determine minimal residual disease status. The purpose of the study was to find out the occurrence of aberrant phenotypes in leukemia/lymphoma patients.

Methods: One milliliter peripheral blood or bone marrow samples were analyzed on FACS Calibur flowcytometer. The cells were lysed and stained following standard protocol. Data was acquired and analyzed by CellQuest-Pro software. The Antigenic expression was rated as positive when the percentage of positive blast cells was ≥ 20%. In that manner, aberrant phenotype was considered positive when 20% of blast cells show expression of markers.

Results: Of a total 145 cases analyzed, 26 were acute myeloid leukemia, 71 of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, 48 were of Chronic Lymphoid leukemia on the basis of morphological features and confirmed by flow cytometry. Overall, 19% (28) cases showed aberrant expression of antigens. In 32% (9/28) AML patients, CD5, CD7, CD64dim, CD10, CD117, CD25 and TdT were expressed while in 25% (7/28) ALL patients CD33, CD13, HLA-DR and CD3 were detected. Among chronic leukemia, all aberrant expressions were seen in cases of B-CLL (10/28) only; with CD11c, CD3 and CD10 as the aberrantly expressed markers.

Conclusion: Variability in aberrant phenotype expression was observed in different types of acute and chronic leukemia patients with no prognostic implications on treatment response.

Keywords: Aberrant CD markers; Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs); Multi-parametric Flow-Cytometry.

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Figures

Fig.1
Fig.1
Aberrant expression of markers in AML; arrow shows aberrantly expressed (a): CD5 marker, (b):CD7 marker, (c): CD10 marker, (d):CD64 marker, (e): CD117 marker and (f) TdT marker.
Fig.2
Fig.2
Aberrant expression of in ALL; arrow shows aberrantly expressed (a) CD3 marker (b) CD7 marker (c) CD10 marker (d) CD13 marker (e) CD33 marker (f) Anti-HLA-DR marker.
Fig.3
Fig.3
Aberrant expression of B-cell CLL; arrow shows aberrantly expressed (a) CD3 marker (b) CD10 marker (c) CD11c marker.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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