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. 2018 May 30;18(1):128.
doi: 10.1186/s12886-018-0793-3.

Expression of MyoD, insulin like growth factor binding protein, thioredoxin and p27 in secondarily overacting inferior oblique muscles with superior oblique palsy

Yeon Woong Chung  1 , Jun Sub Choi  2 , Sun Young Shin  3
Affiliations

Expression of MyoD, insulin like growth factor binding protein, thioredoxin and p27 in secondarily overacting inferior oblique muscles with superior oblique palsy

Yeon Woong Chung et al. BMC Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Backgound: To identify and compare specific protein levels between overacting inferior oblique (IO) muscles in superior oblique (SO) palsy patients and normal IO muscles.

Methods: We obtained 20 IO muscle samples from SO palsy patients with IO overaction ≥ + 3 who underwent IO myectomies (IOOA group), and 20 IO samples from brain death donors whose IO had functioned normally, according to their ophthalmological chart review (control group). We used MyoD for identifying satellite cell activation, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) for IGF effects, thioredoxin for oxidative stress, and p27 for satellite cell activation or oxidative stress in both groups. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, we compared expression levels of the four proteins (MyoD, IGFBP5, thioredoxin, and p27).

Results: Levels of thioredoxin and p27 were decreased significantly in the IOOA group. MyoD and IGFBP5 levels showed no significant difference between the groups.

Conclusions: Based on these findings, the overacting IOs of patients with SO palsy had been under oxidative stress status versus normal IOs. Pathologically overacting extraocular muscles may have an increased risk of oxidative stress compared with normal extraocular muscles.

Keywords: Inferior oblique muscle overaction; Oxidative stress; Superior oblique palsy; Thioredoxin; p27.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Approval to conduct this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic Medical Center (CMC) (#KC09TISI0365). Ethics, consent, permissions and approval were obtained with written documents by all participants prior to surgery. The methods for securing human tissue complied with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Immunohistochemistry results. MyoD (a) inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) group, (b) control group, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) (c) IOOA group, (d) control group
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Immunohistochemistry results. Thioredoxin (a) IOOA group, (b) control group, p27 (c) IOOA group, (d) control group
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Western blot analyses of MyoD, IGFBP5, thioredoxin and p27. a Samples in the IOOA group are in lanes 1 to 2, and those in the control group are in lanes 3 to 4. b Levels of each protein in the IOOA group, compared with those in the control group. MyoD and IGFBP5 showed no statistical difference between the groups. However, thioredoxin and p27 were decreased significantly in the IOOA group versus the control group
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