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Review
. 2017;16(3):175-189.

What Do We Know about Anthracofibrosis? A Literature Review

Hamdireza Jamaati  1 , Amirsina Sharifi  1   2 , Maryam Sadat Mirenayat  1 , Majid Mirsadraee  3 , Kazem Amoli  4 , Hassan Heidarnazhad  1 , Naseh Sigari  5 , Kayvan Saeedfar  1 , Shahram Kahkouee  6 , Mihan Pourabdollah Toutkaboni  7 , Esmaeel Mortaz  1 , Seyed Mohammadreza Hashemian  1 , Abdolreza Mohamadnia  8
Affiliations
Review

What Do We Know about Anthracofibrosis? A Literature Review

Hamdireza Jamaati et al. Tanaffos. 2017.

Abstract

Recently, the significance of anthracosis in the tracheobronchial tree, lung parenchyma, and even non-respiratory organs has been postulated and discussed in association with other diseases, especially tuberculosis. We reviewed the current literature by using the following key words in Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases: anthracosis, anthracofibrosis, anthracotic bronchitis, biomass fuels, and mixed-dust pneumoconiosis. The bibliographies of eligible papers were also reviewed for further relevant articles. A total of 37 studies were assessed. The content of these studies was then divided into specific categories. Considering the pathogenesis, along with histopathological, radiological, and bronchoscopic results regarding anthracotic lesions, we suggest these findings be defined as "ANTHRACOSIS SYNDROME". For the first time, we describe a syndrome involving black pigmentation, which was previously thought to involve only the tracheobronchial tree. Until recently, it was not considered to be a single syndrome with different sites of involvement.

Keywords: Anthracofibrosis; Anthracosis; Anthracotic bronchitis; Biomass fuel; Pulmonary tuberculosis.

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