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. 2018 May 31;18(1):248.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3160-3.

Risk factors for carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection and predictors of mortality in Chinese paediatric patients

Ye Zhang  1 , Ling-Yun Guo  1 , Wen-Qi Song  2 , Yan Wang  2 , Fang Dong  3 , Gang Liu  4
Affiliations

Risk factors for carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection and predictors of mortality in Chinese paediatric patients

Ye Zhang et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Early identification of patients at highest risk is very important. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and mortality of K. pneumoniae BSI and to identify risk factors associated with CRKP BSI among paediatric patients.

Methods: From January 2011 to December 2014, a retrospective case-control study was conducted at Beijing Children's Hospital, China. Risk factors for CRKP BSI and for K. pneumoniae BSI-related death were evaluated. Patients with BSI caused by K. pneumoniae were identified from the microbiology laboratory database. Data regarding demographic, microbiological and clinical characteristics, therapy and outcome were collected from the medical records.

Results: A total of 138 patients with K. pneumoniae BSI were enrolled, including 54 patients with CRKP BSI and 84 patients with carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CSKP) BSI. Most of the BSI (114; 82.6%) were healthcare-associated, while the rest (24; 17.4%) were community-acquired. Hematologic malignancies (odds ratio (OR):4.712, [95% CI: 2.181-10.180], P < 0.001) and previous cephalosporin administration (OR: 3.427, [95% CI: 1.513-7.766], P = 0.003) were found to be associated with the development of CRKP BSI. 28-day mortality of K. pneumoniae BSI was 8.7%. Mechanical ventilation (OR:9.502, [95% CI: 2.098-43.033], P = 0.003), septic shock (OR:6.418, [95% CI: 1.342-30.686], P = 0.020), and isolation of CRKP (OR:9.171, [95% CI: 1.546-54.416], P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality of K. pneumoniae BSI.

Conclusion: Hematologic malignancies and previous cephalosporin administration were associated with the development of CRKP BSI, while mechanical ventilation, septic shock and CRKP infection were independent mortality predictors for K. pneumoniae BSI. More attention should be paid to CRKP BSI in the paediatric population.

Keywords: Bloodstream infection; Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae; Children; Risk factor.

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Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (2017-k-83). Informed consent was waived because this was a retrospectively study. We obtained patient data from the Medical Records and Statistics Room. We analysed the data anonymously.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The relationship between mortality and the meropenem MIC of KP isolates
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Antibiotic therapy and outcome for patients with CRKP BSIs. AMK, Amikacin; AMC, Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid; CAZ, Ceftazidime; CIP, Ciprofloxacin; CRO, Ceftriaxone; LVX, Levofloxacin; MEM, Meropenem; MOX, Latamoxef; MXF, Moxifloxacin; PEN, Penicillin; SCF, Cefoperazone/sulbactam; TZP, Piperacillin/tazobactam; ZOX, Ceftizoxme. * Died. *# Patients died before blood culture results were available
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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