Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: case presentations and overview of literature

Abstract

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is a form of chronic anovulation not due to identifiable organic causes with adverse health consequences. A thorough history is paramount in the identification of women with this disorder as it is usually associated with lifestyle factors such as stress, weight loss, and excessive exercise. In this paper, recently published clinical guidelines are reviewed and a series of cases is presented that highlights diagnostic and therapeutic challenges encountered.

Keywords: Amenorrhea; Anorexia nervosa; Energy deficit; Excessive exercise; Hypercortisolemia; Stress.