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. 2018 May 30:10:631-641.
doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S164330. eCollection 2018.

Familial aggregation of Parkinson's disease and coaggregation with neuropsychiatric diseases: a population-based cohort study

Fu-Chao Liu #  1   2 , Huan-Tang Lin #  1   2 , Chang-Fu Kuo  2   3   4 , Mei-Yun Hsieh  4 , Lai-Chu See  3   5   6 , Huang-Ping Yu  1   2   7
Affiliations

Familial aggregation of Parkinson's disease and coaggregation with neuropsychiatric diseases: a population-based cohort study

Fu-Chao Liu et al. Clin Epidemiol. .

Abstract

Background: Individuals with a family history of Parkinson's disease (PD) appear to have a higher risk of developing PD and other neuropsychiatric diseases. However, estimates of the relative risks (RRs) of PD and the roles of genetic and environmental factors in PD susceptibility are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine familial aggregation and genetic contributions to PD and the RRs of other neuropsychiatric diseases in relatives of PD patients.

Methods: In this population-based family cohort study, the records of all individuals actively registered in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in 2015 were queried (N=24,349,599). In total, 149,187 individuals with a PD-affected parent, 3,698 with an affected offspring, 3,495 with an affected sibling, and 15 with an affected twin were identified. Diagnoses of PD were ascertained between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2015. The prevalence and RRs of PD and other neuropsychiatric diseases in individuals with first-degree relatives with PD, as well as the contributions of heritability and environmental factors to PD susceptibility were investigated.

Results: The prevalence of PD was 0.46% in the general population and 0.52% in individuals with first-degree relatives with PD. The RR (95% CI) for PD was 2.20 (1.41-3.45) for siblings, 1.59 (1.47-1.73) for parents, 1.86 (1.63-2.11) for offspring, 63.12 (16.45-242.16) for twins, and 1.46 (1.41-1.52) for spouses. The RR (95% CI) in individuals with first-degree relatives with PD was 1.66 (1.57-1.76) for essential tremor, 1.68 (1.61-1.75) for schizophrenia, and 1.20 (1.12-1.28) for Alzheimer's disease. The estimated contribution to the phenotypic variance of PD was 11.0% for heritability, 9.1% for shared environmental factors, and 79.9% for non-shared environmental factors.

Conclusion: First-degree relatives of PD patients are more likely to develop PD and other neuropsychiatric diseases. Environmental factors account for a high proportion of the phenotypic variance of PD.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; familial risk; population-based family study.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The age-specific prevalence of PD in individuals with affected first-degree relatives of PD and in the general population of Taiwan in 2015. Abbreviation: PD, Parkinson’s disease.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The onset age-specific prevalence of PD in individuals with affected first-degree relatives of PD and in the general population of Taiwan in 2015. Abbreviation: PD, Parkinson’s disease.
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