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. 2018 May 25:9:1102.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01102. eCollection 2018.

Perillaldehyde Controls Postharvest Black Rot Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in Sweet Potatoes

Man Zhang  1 , Man Liu  1 , Shenyuan Pan  1 , Chao Pan  1 , Yongxin Li  1 , Jun Tian  1   2
Affiliations

Perillaldehyde Controls Postharvest Black Rot Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in Sweet Potatoes

Man Zhang et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Black rot caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata is the most damaging postharvest disease among sweet potatoes. Black rot can be controlled by synthetic fungicides, but these synthetic fungicides also have several negative effects. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a major component of the herb perilla, is an effective and eco-friendly method of controlling this disease. The antifungal activity of PAE on the mycelial growth in C. fimbriata was evaluated in vitro. Sweet potatoes at the postharvest stage were surfaced-disinfected with 75% ethanol. Artificially created wounds were inoculated with a C. fimbriata cell suspension, and then, the PAE was spontaneously volatilized inside the residual airspace of the containers at 28°C. Samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 days from each group, and the tissues around the wounds of the sweet potatoes were collected using a sterilized knife and then homogenized to determine their defense-related enzyme activity and quality parameters. In vitro assays showed that the mycelial growth of C. fimbriata was inhibited by PAE in a dose-dependent manner. An in vivo test demonstrated that 25, 50, and 100 μl/l PAE doses, when applied to sweet potatoes inoculated with C. fimbriata, could remarkable lower lesion diameter as compared to the control. Even though the storage time was prolonged, PAE vapor treatment still drastically inhibited sweet potato decay during storage at 28°C. These PAE vapor treatments also enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). These treatments remarkably decreased weight loss rates and had minor effects on other fruit quality parameters, such as anthocyanin content and vitamin C content. In our study, the results suggested that the effects of PAE on postharvest sweet potatoes may be attributed to the maintenance of enzymatic activity and fruit quality. In sum, PAE may be a promising approach to controlling C. fimbriata in sweet potatoes.

Keywords: Perilla; antifungal; enzyme activity; fruit quality; postharvest disease.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The effects of various concentrations of PAE vapor on the mycelial growth of C. fimbriata. Data were the means of three replicates ± SD.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
The effects of various concentrations of PAE vapor on the lesion diameter of C. fimbriata. Vertical bars represent the standard error of the mean.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Effect of PAE vapor treatment on SOD (A), CAT (C), APX (B), POD (D), PPO (E), and PAL (F) activity levels in sweet potatoes during storage. Values are means ± SD. Vertical bars represent standard errors of the means.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Effect of PAE vapor treatment on weight loss (A), anthocyanin content (B), and vitamin C content (C) in sweet potatoes during storage. Values are means ± SD. Vertical bars represent standard errors of the means.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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