Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2018 May 31:9:547.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00547. eCollection 2018.

Stem Cell-Derived Exosome in Cardiovascular Diseases: Macro Roles of Micro Particles

Ye Yuan  1   2 , Weijie Du  1   2 , Jiaqi Liu  3 , Wenya Ma  1   2 , Lai Zhang  1   2 , Zhimin Du  1   2 , Benzhi Cai  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Stem Cell-Derived Exosome in Cardiovascular Diseases: Macro Roles of Micro Particles

Ye Yuan et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

The stem cell-based therapy has emerged as the promising therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recently, increasing evidence suggest stem cell-derived active exosomes are important communicators among cells in the heart via delivering specific substances to the adjacent/distant target cells. These exosomes and their contents such as certain proteins, miRNAs and lncRNAs exhibit huge beneficial effects on preventing heart damage and promoting cardiac repair. More importantly, stem cell-derived exosomes are more effective and safer than stem cell transplantation. Therefore, administration of stem cell-derived exosomes will expectantly be an alternative stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, modification of stem cell-derived exosomes or artificial synthesis of exosomes will be the new therapeutic tools for CVDs in the future. In addition, stem cell-derived exosomes also have been implicated in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current advances of stem cell-derived exosome-based treatment and prognosis for CVDs, including their potential benefits, underlying mechanisms and limitations, which will provide novel insights of exosomes as a new tool in clinical therapeutic translation in the future.

Keywords: biomarkers; cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); cell therapy; drug delivery; exosomes; stem cells.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic biogenesis of exosomes. The intracellular endosomes form by inward budding inside, and subsequently lead to the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). The MVBs release eventually outside their internal exosomes containing some cell-specific DNAs, RNAs, miRNAs, or proteins.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The potential clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Exosomes derived from stem cells have proposed for cardiac disease therapy. Exosome derived from different types of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), heart-derived stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) deliver nucleic acids (DNAs/RNAs) and proteins to the damaged heart tissue consequently exert cardioprotective effects.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Adamiak M., Cheng G., Bobis-Wozowicz S., Zhao L., Kedracka-Krok S., Samanta A., et al. (2017). Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived extracellular vesicles are safer and more effective for cardiac repair than iPSCs. Circ. Res. 122, 296–309. 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311769 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Aminzadeh M. A., Tseliou E., Sun B., Cheng K., Malliaras K., Makkar R. R., et al. (2015). Therapeutic efficacy of cardiosphere-derived cells in a transgenic mouse model of non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur. Heart J. 36, 751–762. 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu196 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Andreu Z., Yanez-Mó M. (2014). Tetraspanins in extracellular vesicle formation and function. Front. Immunol. 5:442. 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00442 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Angoulvant D., Ivanes F., Ferrera R., Matthews P. G., Nataf S., Ovize M. (2011). Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media attenuates in vitro and ex vivo myocardial reperfusion injury. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 30, 95–102. 10.1016/j.healun.2010.08.023 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Arroyo J. D., Chevillet J. R., Kroh E. M., Ruf I. K., Pritchard C. C., Gibson D. F., et al. (2011). Argonaute2 complexes carry a population of circulating microRNAs independent of vesicles in human plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 5003–5008. 10.1073/pnas.1019055108 - DOI - PMC - PubMed