Affiliations

• ¹ From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
• ² Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Icahn School Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
• ³ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• ⁴ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
• ⁵ Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.