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Review
. 2018 Jun 20;5(2):60.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci5020060.

Ticks and Tick-Borne Infections: Complex Ecology, Agents, and Host Interactions

Stephen K Wikel  1
Affiliations
Review

Ticks and Tick-Borne Infections: Complex Ecology, Agents, and Host Interactions

Stephen K Wikel. Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Ticks transmit the most diverse array of infectious agents of any arthropod vector. Both ticks and the microbes they transmit are recognized as significant threats to human and veterinary public health. This article examines the potential impacts of climate change on the distribution of ticks and the infections they transmit; the emergence of novel tick-borne pathogens, increasing geographic range and incidence of tick-borne infections; and advances in the characterization of tick saliva mediated modulation of host defenses and the implications of those interactions for transmission, establishment, and control of tick infestation and tick-borne infectious agents.

Keywords: climate change; emerging and resurging pathogens; host immune defenses; immunomodulation; tick saliva; tick-borne diseases; tick-host-pathogen interactions; ticks; vector ecology; zoonoses.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

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